A history of the Philadelphia area: William Penn's Quaker Colonies http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/RSSimage.jpg tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-05-18:%2Findex.php George R. Fisher III, M.D. gfisher@philadelphia-reflections.com http://www.rossperry.com/ (c) Copyright 2004 - 2010 George R. Fisher III, M.D. All rights reserved. 2010-03-13T21:27:36-05:00 hourly 12 2010-03-13T21:27:36-05:00 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-05-01:%2Findex.php 2006-05-01T22:31:54-04:00 2010-03-13T21:27:36-05:00

William Penn's Quaker Colonies plus medicine, economics and politics

George R. Fisher III, M.D. gfisher@philadelphia-reflections.com http://www.rossperry.com/ Dr. George Ross Fisher, III Philadelphia Reflections 2010-03-13 39.9455 -75.1532 Dr. Fisher's medical office location 39.9455 -75.1532 39.9455 -75.1532 Academia in the Philadelphia Region tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Facademia_.php 2006-08-02T17:00:49-04:00 2010-03-13T21:27:30-05:00

Higher education is a source of pride, progress, and aggravation.

Right Angle Club 2010 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-12-04:%2Fright_angle_club_2010.php 2009-12-04T17:15:42-05:00 2010-03-13T17:24:23-05:00

In Progress

39.949 -75.1676 Right Angle Club 2010 39.949 -75.1676 39.949 -75.1676 Subcultures tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fsubcultures_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-03-13T15:48:35-05:00

A few reflections about the subcultures in and around Philadelphia.

39.9305 -75.1683 South Philly 39.9305 -75.1683 39.9305 -75.1683 Revisionist Themes tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-10:%2Frevisionist_themes.php 2008-07-10T11:09:21-04:00 2010-03-12T20:03:03-05:00

A set of working papers, still under construction.

Philadelphia Economics tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Fphiladelphia_economics.php 2006-08-02T17:22:21-04:00 2010-03-12T20:02:15-05:00

economics

Cultural tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-11-07:%2Fculture_and_traditions_2.php 2008-11-07T20:00:36-05:00 2010-03-12T20:01:17-05:00

Culture and Traditions (2)

Causes of the American Revolution tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-11-03:%2Fcauses_of_the_american.php 2006-11-03T18:02:42-05:00 2010-03-11T19:55:34-05:00

Britain and its colonies had outgrown Eighteenth Century techniques of governance. Unfortunately, both England and America lacked the sophistication to make drastic changes smoothly.

Benjamin Franklin tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fben_franklin_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-03-11T04:45:21-05:00

A collection of Benjamin Franklin tidbits that relate Philadelphia's revolutionary prelate to his moving around the city, the colonies, and the world.

Website Development tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-05:%2Fwebsite_development.php 2006-08-05T15:04:19-04:00 2010-03-10T21:42:01-05:00

The website technology supporting Philadelphia Reflections is PHP, MySQL and DHTML. The web hosting service is Internet Planners.

Customs, Culture and Traditions (2) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-08-03:%2Fcustoms_culture_and_traditions.php 2009-08-03T16:04:09-04:00 2010-03-09T15:29:19-05:00

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Railroad Town tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-06-15:%2Frailroad_town.php 2008-06-15T22:40:20-04:00 2010-03-05T19:14:30-05:00

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Nature Preservation tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Fnature_preservation.php 2006-08-02T18:37:29-04:00 2010-03-05T19:12:07-05:00

Nature preservation and nature destruction are different parts of an eternal process.

Evolving Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Fevolving_philadelphia.php 2006-08-02T15:20:07-04:00 2010-03-05T19:10:56-05:00

The city changes.

Downtown tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fdowntown_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-03-05T19:10:27-05:00

A discussion about downtown area in Philadelphia and connections from today with its historical past.

Dislocations: Financial and Fundamental tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-12-22:%2Fusing_computers_instead_of.php 2007-12-22T17:29:12-05:00 2010-03-05T19:09:48-05:00

The crash of 2007 was more than a bank panic. It was a collision of several revolutions which were all ripples from the same splash.

Philadelphia Fish and Fishing tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fphiladelphia_fish_and_fishing.php 2006-06-26T16:29:36-04:00 2010-03-05T17:37:33-05:00

Less than a century ago, Delaware Bay, Delaware River, Schuylkill River, Pennypack Creek, Wissahickon Creek, and dozens of other creeks in this swampy region were teeming with edible fish, oysters and crabs. They may be coming back, cautiously.

Right Angle Club 2009 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-01-09:%2Fright_angle_club_2009.php 2009-01-09T19:02:04-05:00 2010-03-05T05:23:33-05:00

The 2009 proceedings of the Right Angle Club of Philadelphia, beginning with the farewell address of the outgoing president, John W. Nixon, and sadly concluding with memorials to two departed members, Fred Etherington and Harry Bishop.

Particular Sights to See:Center City tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-17:%2Fcenter_city.php 2006-07-17T15:09:24-04:00 2010-03-03T20:19:56-05:00

Taxi drivers tell tourists that Center City is a "shining city on a hill". During the Industrial Era, the city almost urbanized out to the county line, and then retreated. Right now, the urban center is surrounded by a semi-deserted ring of former factories.

Literary Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Fliterary_philadelphia.php 2006-08-02T18:10:47-04:00 2010-03-02T14:44:49-05:00

Literary

America's Historic Square Mile (pre-1800) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fhistorical_revival_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-03-02T10:34:40-05:00

Society Hill: Philadelphia's authentic colonial area, from the Delaware River west to 8th Street the limit of settlement in 1776, but for a while the center of America. The richest, most famous men in America lived within a few blocks of each other. Things happened here.

Philadelphia's West Country tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-04-10:%2Fphiladelphia_s_west_country.php 2007-04-10T15:43:18-04:00 2010-03-02T00:11:57-05:00

Like all cities, Philadelphia is filling in and choking up with subdivisions and development, in all directions from the center. The last place to fill up is the Welsh Barony, a tip of which can be said to extend all the way in town to the Art Museum.

Volunteerism tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-03-05:%2Fvolunteerism_.php 2007-03-05T17:08:08-05:00 2010-03-01T20:00:57-05:00

The characteristic American behavior called volunteerism got its start with Benjamin Franklin's Junto, and has been a source of comment by foreign visitors ever since. It's still a very active force.

Religious Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Freligious_phila_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-03-01T19:59:42-05:00

William Penn wanted a colony with religious freedom. A considerable number, if not the majority, of American religious denominations were founded in this city.

Quakers: All Alike, All Different tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-25:%2Fquakers_all_alike_all.php 2006-07-25T14:56:38-04:00 2010-03-01T19:59:05-05:00

Quaker doctrines emerge from the stories they tell about each other.

In Memoriam tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-03-09:%2Fin_memoriam.php 2009-03-09T17:33:22-04:00 2010-03-01T19:57:55-05:00

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Haddonfield tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-06:%2Fhaddonfield_.php 2006-07-06T11:49:53-04:00 2010-03-01T19:57:02-05:00

Haddonfield is a bit of a secret. It's Philadelphia's "Main Line, East".

39.8979 -75.0315 Center of Downtown Haddonfield 39.8979 -75.0315 39.8979 -75.0315 Curtis tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-22:%2Fcurtis_.php 2006-07-22T17:46:40-04:00 2010-03-01T15:47:13-05:00

To Cy Curtis, magazines were just vehicles for advertisers. In fact, his mags taught former farmers how to manage urban life, more or less accidentally creating a focus for American books, authors, politics and literature. The fall of his empire teaches the lesson that antitrust laws against vertical integration are probably unnecessary.

Fanny Kemble tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-21:%2Ffanny_kemble.php 2006-07-21T18:33:55-04:00 2010-02-26T04:53:40-05:00

Fanny Kemble was more than the toast of the town, she was the most glamorous woman in the English speaking world. But far beyond that, she was a famous author, Shakespearean scholar, and had a major influence on the Civil War.

Academia, Medical Version tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-06-25:%2Facademia_medical_version.php 2008-06-25T20:01:04-04:00 2010-02-25T17:30:47-05:00

The first hospital in America generated the first medical school, the first medical society, and many of the unique features of American medicine. In modern times, the gusher of federal research funds not only distorted academic medicine, but academia as a whole.

The Constitution tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Fthe_constitution.php 2006-08-02T15:52:33-04:00 2010-02-19T16:55:56-05:00

The Constitution was not just a paper written at a convention. It was a choice between uncertain alternatives, and new difficulties soon were revealed by making those choices. Its reliance on compromise displays the powerful influence of 18th Century Quaker Philadelphia.

Quakers: William Penn tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-05:%2Fquakers_william_penn.php 2006-07-05T14:38:09-04:00 2010-02-19T16:54:31-05:00

Although Ben Franklin lately gets more ink, William Penn deserves at least equal rank among the most remarkable men who ever lived.

Philadelphia Politics tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fphila_politics_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-02-19T16:52:04-05:00

Originally, politics had to do with the Proprietors, then the immigrants, then the King of England, then the establishment of the nation. Philadelphia first perfected the big-city political machine, which centers on bulk payments from utilities to the boss politician rather than small graft payments to individual office holders. More efficient that way.

Bystanders to the Revolution tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-10-03:%2Fworking_topic.php 2008-10-03T12:26:44-04:00 2010-02-19T16:48:44-05:00

It wasn't heroic to everyone.

Personal Finance tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-12-26:%2Fpersonal_finance.php 2006-12-26T21:37:50-05:00 2010-02-19T16:43:39-05:00

The rules of financial health are simple, but remarkably hard to follow. Be frugal in order to save, use your savings to buy the whole market not parts of it, if this system ain't broke, don't fix it. And don't underestimate your longevity.

New Jersey (State of) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-09-19:%2Fnew_jersey_state_of.php 2007-09-19T11:41:04-04:00 2010-02-19T16:42:49-05:00

The Garden State really has two different states of mind. The state motto is <i>Liberty and Prosperity</i>. (www.Philadelphia-Reflections.com/topic/96.htm)

Government Organization tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-12-23:%2Fgovernment_organization.php 2007-12-23T00:37:11-05:00 2010-02-19T16:41:31-05:00

Government Organization

Delaware (State of) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fdelaware_state_of_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-02-19T16:40:19-05:00

Originally the "lower counties" of Pennsylvania, and thus one of three Quaker colonies founded by William Penn, Delaware has developed its own set of traditions and history.

The British Attack Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-03:%2Fthe_british_attack_philadelphia.php 2006-07-03T17:32:35-04:00 2010-02-18T22:07:42-05:00

Fighting in the Revolutionary War lasted eight years; for two full years (June 1776 to June 1778) Philadelphia was the objective of military attack. Only the Civil War killed a larger proportion of the population.

Philadelphia Medicine tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fmedical_phila_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-02-14T07:09:10-05:00

The first hospital, the first medical school, the first medical society, and abundant Civil War casualties, all combined to establish the most important medical center in the country. It's still the second largest industry in the city.

Customs, Culture and Traditions tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-01:%2Fcustoms_culture_and_traditions.php 2006-08-01T19:13:20-04:00 2010-02-05T13:49:11-05:00

Abundant seafood made it easy to settle here. Agriculture takes longer.

Charter of Pennsylvania, from Charles II to William Penn tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-04:%2Fcharter_of_pennsylvania_from.php 2010-02-04T11:59:58-05:00 2010-02-04T13:08:14-05:00

William Penn suggested what he wanted, and the Royal bureaucracy suggested suitable modifications of the gift. The resulting charter is a shrewd and fair legal document, but contained a major geographical error.

Shaping the Constitution in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-11-11:%2Fwriting_and_shaping_the.php 2008-11-11T15:54:06-05:00 2010-02-03T00:44:53-05:00

After Independence, the weakness of the Federal government dismayed a band of ardent patriots, so under Washington's leadership a stronger Constitution was written. Almost immediately, comrades discovered they had wanted the same thing for different reasons, so during the formative period they struggled to reshape future directions . Moving the Capitol from Philadelphia to the Potomac proved curiously central to all this.

City of Rivers and Rivulets tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-17:%2Fcity_of_rivers_and.php 2006-07-17T16:45:05-04:00 2010-02-02T22:18:51-05:00

Philadelphia has always been defined by the waters that surround it.

Legal Philadelphia(2) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-10-16:%2Flegal_philadelphia_2.php 2009-10-16T15:51:04-04:00 2010-01-29T21:56:04-05:00

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Franklin Inn Club tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fthe_franklin_inn_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-01-29T20:20:58-05:00

Hidden in a back alley near the theaters, this little club is the center of the City's literary circle. It enjoys outstanding food in surroundings which suggest Samuel Johnson's club in London.

39.9486 -75.1614 The Franklin Inn 39.9486 -75.1614 39.9486 -75.1614 Sights to See: The Outer Ring tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-01:%2Fsights_to_see_the.php 2006-08-01T17:05:19-04:00 2010-01-29T19:38:26-05:00

There are many interesting places to visit in the exurban ring beyond Philadelphia, linked to the city by history rather than commerce.

Chester, Delaware, Montgomery and Bucks Counties tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-09-19:%2Fchester_delaware_montgomery_and.php 2007-09-19T11:44:49-04:00 2010-01-29T19:31:32-05:00

The Philadelphia metropolitan region has five Pennsylvania counties, four New Jersey counties, one northern county in the state of Delaware. Here are the four Pennsylvania suburban ones.

Philadelphia Women tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-01-27:%2Fphiladelphia_women.php 2010-01-27T16:12:09-05:00 2010-01-27T19:04:48-05:00

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George Washington in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-11-10:%2Fgeorge_washington_in_philadelphia.php 2009-11-10T13:42:31-05:00 2010-01-27T16:06:47-05:00

Philadelphia remains slightly miffed that Washington was so enthusiastic about moving the nation's capital next to his home on the Potomac. The fact remains that the era of Washington's eminence was Philadelphia's era; for thirty years Washington and Philadelphia dominated affairs.

Outlaws tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fphila_outlaws_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-01-24T15:28:06-05:00

Even the criminals, the courts and the prisons of this town have a Philadelphia distinctiveness. The underworld has its own version of history.

Albert Gallatin tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-12-23:%2Falbert_gallatin.php 2007-12-23T00:14:07-05:00 2010-01-23T16:16:28-05:00

A magnificent but largely forgotten man.

Philadelphia, A Running Commentary tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fphila_a_running_comment.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-01-19T20:36:59-05:00

A series of observations in and around Philadelphia by notables over the last three and one-half centuries.

Legal Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Flegal_phila_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-01-12T23:15:41-05:00

The American legal profession grew up in this town, creating institutions and traditions that set the style for everyone else. Boston, New York and Washington have lots of influential lawyers, but Philadelphia shapes the legal profession.

Re-Designing Old Age tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-06-23:%2Fre_designing_old_age.php 2009-06-23T20:48:53-04:00 2010-01-12T16:57:05-05:00

A grumpy analysis of future trends from a member of the Grumpy Generation.

The Proprietorship of West Jersey tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-28:%2Fthe_proprietorship_of_west.php 2006-07-28T16:40:25-04:00 2010-01-08T20:59:17-05:00

The southern half of New Jersey was William Penn's first venture in real estate. It undoubtedly gave him bigger ideas.

Quakers: The Society of Friends tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-03:%2Fquakers_the_society_of.php 2006-07-03T16:10:52-04:00 2010-01-08T20:58:07-05:00

According to an old Quaker joke, the Holy Trinity consists of the fatherhood of God, the brotherhood of man, and the neighborhood of Philadelphia.

Philadelphia Physicians tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fphila_physicians_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2010-01-04T19:25:04-05:00

Philadelphia dominated the medical profession so long that it's hard to distinguish between local traditions and national ones. The distinctive feature is that in Philadelphia you must be a real doctor before you become a mere specialist.

Tourist Trips Around Philadelphia and the Quaker Colonies tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-04-06:%2Ftourist_trips_around_philadelphia.php 2007-04-06T17:40:19-04:00 2009-12-31T10:54:06-05:00

The states of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and southern New Jersey all belonged to William Penn the Quaker. He was the largest private landholder in American history. Using explicit directions, comprehensive touring of the Quaker Colonies takes seven full days. Local residents would need a couple dozen one-day trips to get up to speed.

Reminiscences tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-06-18:%2Freminiscences_.php 2007-06-18T15:49:02-04:00 2009-12-24T21:49:51-05:00

Watching the constantly passing scene, occasionally opportunities arise to change its flow.

Philadelphia Medicine (2) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-05-21:%2Fphiladelphia_medicine_2.php 2009-05-21T18:13:14-04:00 2009-12-24T21:45:41-05:00

Philadelphia is where medicine began in America

Computers, Digital Cameras, and Cellphones tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Fcomputers_.php 2006-08-02T15:01:53-04:00 2009-12-24T21:41:10-05:00

Much of the early development of the electronic computer took place in Philadelphia. We lost the lead, but it might return.

Pacifist Pennsylvania, Invaded Many Times tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-04-29:%2Fpacifist_pennsylvania_invaded_many.php 2008-04-29T16:54:27-04:00 2009-12-21T22:04:02-05:00

Pennsylvania was founded as a pacifist utopia, and currently regards itself as protected by vast oceans. But Pennsylvania has been seriously invaded at least six times.

Federalism Slowly Conquers the States tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-06-18:%2Ffederalism_slowly_conquers_the.php 2009-06-18T11:50:27-04:00 2009-12-21T22:00:49-05:00

Thirteen sovereign colonies voluntarily combined their power for the common good. But for two hundred years, the new federal government kept taking more power for itself.

Architecture in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-02-20:%2Farchitecture_in_philadelphia.php 2007-02-20T16:07:41-05:00 2009-12-18T18:08:10-05:00

Originating in a limitless forest, wooden structures became a "Red City" of brick after a few fires. Then a succession of gifted architects shaped the city as Greek Revival, then French. Modern architecture now responds as much to population sociology as artistic genius. Take a look at the current "green building" movement.

Obamacare Follies, Executive Summary tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-09-18:%2Fobamacare_follies_executive_summary.php 2009-09-18T20:37:08-04:00 2009-12-17T20:16:19-05:00

Obamacare needs simple explanation

Obamacare Examined tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-09-18:%2Fobamacare_follies.php 2009-09-18T20:40:22-04:00 2009-12-17T20:15:26-05:00

A short appraisal of the Obama Health Plan, its tricky politics, and a proposal of less disruptive health reforms that would suffice for the moment. www.Philadelphia-Reflections.com/topic/134.htm

Health Insurance tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-12-22:%2Fhealth_insurance.php 2007-12-22T23:41:45-05:00 2009-12-17T20:14:23-05:00

Clinton Health Plan and its replacements.

Clinton Health Plan of 1993 - Part Two tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-08-10:%2Ffrogs_like_flies.php 2007-08-10T16:15:35-04:00 2009-12-17T20:13:18-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/penninsurance.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="William Penn Pennsylvania Hospital" />After the Clinton Plan was dropped, and then after fifteen years of aftermath, public dissatisfaction with the health financing system is no better, probably worse. Here are some fresh ideas.

Revolutionary Philadelphia's Loyalists tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-10-31:%2Frevolutionary_philadelphia_loyalists.php 2006-10-31T13:33:24-05:00 2009-12-11T15:05:43-05:00

History is written by the victors, so the Tory Loyalists of Revolutionary Philadelphia have mostly fallen from view.

Black Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-08:%2Fblack_philadelphia.php 2006-08-08T11:39:05-04:00 2009-12-02T18:42:47-05:00

The City of Philadelphia is only a part of the region, but within that part, the black population holds political power. That's definitely not true in the rest of the region. Discordances like this create problems until political evolution smooths them out.

Art in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fart_in_phila_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-11-25T09:37:41-05:00

The history of art, particularly painting and sculpture, has been a long and distinguished one. If you add in the art schools, the Philadelphia national influence on artists has been a dominant one.

Land Tour Around Delaware Bay tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-04-04:%2Fland_tour_around_delaware.php 2007-04-04T19:43:36-04:00 2009-11-18T11:59:27-05:00

Start in Philadelphia, take two days to tour around Delaware Bay. Down the New Jersey side to Cape May, ferry over to Lewes, tour up to Dover and New Castle, visit Winterthur, Longwood Gardens, Brandywine Battlefield and art museum, then back to Philadelphia. Try it!

40.39 -75.34 View Above Philadelphia 40.39 -75.34 40.39 -75.34 Investing, Philadelphia Style tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-06:%2Finvesting_philadelphia_style.php 2006-07-06T15:51:16-04:00 2009-11-17T06:51:05-05:00

Land ownership once was the only practical form of savings, until banking matured in the mid-19th century. Philadelphia took an early lead in what is now called investment and still defines a certain style of it.

Science tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Fscience_.php 2006-08-02T18:17:09-04:00 2009-10-27T13:38:36-04:00

Science

Legal Philadelphia (2) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-08-03:%2Flegal_philadelphia_2.php 2009-08-03T16:03:05-04:00 2009-10-16T15:52:01-04:00

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Up Market Street to Sixth and Walnut tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-05-04:%2Fsecond_and_market_to.php 2007-05-04T22:12:48-04:00 2009-10-15T13:35:17-04:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/indepencehall.jpg" class="tn-l-w100" alt="Independence Hall" />Millions of eye patients have been asked to read the passage from Franklin's autobiography, "I walked up Market Street, etc." which is universally printed on eye-test cards. Here's your chance to do it.

West of Broad tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fwest_of_broad_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-10-06T19:46:44-04:00

A collection of articles about the area west of Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Historical Preservation tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-14:%2Fhistorical_preservation.php 2006-07-14T17:04:05-04:00 2009-10-06T19:45:54-04:00

The 20% federal tax credit for historic preservation is said to have been the special pet of Senator Lugar of Indiana. Much of the recent transformation of Philadelphia's downtown is attributed to this incentive.

Whither, Federal Reserve? (1) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-07:%2Fwhither_federal_reserve.php 2006-07-07T11:51:04-04:00 2009-10-05T12:17:07-04:00

The Federal Reserve seems to be a big black box, containing magic. In fact, it's high-wire acrobatics that must not be allowed to fail.

Right Angle Club 2008 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-11-10:%2Fright_angle_club_2008.php 2008-11-10T17:19:29-05:00 2009-09-30T16:20:16-04:00

A report, to the year 2008 shareholders of the Right Angle Club of Philadelphia, by the outgoing president, Neale Bringhurst... www.philadelphia-reflections.com/topic/120.htm

Connecticut Invades Pennsylvania! tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-15:%2Fconnecticut_invades_pennsylvania.php 2006-07-15T16:30:28-04:00 2009-09-30T12:01:46-04:00

The rest of the world fights wars about national grievances, both recent and long past. Meanwhile, Connecticut once waged a serious war with Pennsylvania, and we don't even remember it.

Whither, Federal Reserve? (2) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-12-31:%2Fwhither_federal_reserve_2.php 2008-12-31T20:59:26-05:00 2009-09-28T20:00:46-04:00

Whither, Federal Reserve? (2)

Banking Panic 2007-2009 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-02-10:%2Fcredit_crunch_2007.php 2008-02-10T00:44:35-05:00 2009-09-28T19:55:25-04:00

Mankind hasn't learned how to control sudden wealth, whether in families, third-world countries, or the richest nation in history. The world banking crisis of 2007 is the biggest example yet.

Insurance in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Finsurance_in_philadelphia.php 2006-08-02T15:11:18-04:00 2009-09-15T14:58:06-04:00

Early Philadelphia took a lead in insurance innovation. Some ideas, like life insurance, flourished. Others have faded.

The Park and Beyond tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fthe_park_beyond_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-09-11T22:10:41-04:00

Fairmount Park is large enough to split the City from its suburbs, and is partly a playground, partly a museum. East Falls, Germantown and Chestnut Hill are almost a separate world on the far side of the park.

Philadelphia's River Region tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fphila_river_region_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-09-11T22:08:32-04:00

A concentration of articles around the rivers and wetland in and around Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Food and Drink in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Ffood_and_drink_in.php 2006-08-02T15:25:33-04:00 2009-09-11T22:05:49-04:00

A flowing abundance of food sources made Philadelphia the capital of food and drink, right from earliest times.

Revolutionary Philadelphia's Patriots tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-10-31:%2Frevolutionary_philadelphia_s_patriots.php 2006-10-31T15:27:14-05:00 2009-09-05T17:10:59-04:00

All kinds of people were patriots in 1776, and many of them were all mixed up about what was going on and how they stood. Hotheads in the London Coffee House stirred up about an inoffensive Tea Act, Scotch-Irish come here to escape the British Crown, the local artisan class and the local smuggler class, unexpectedly prospering under non-importation, and the local gentry -- offended to be denied seats in Parliament like other Englishmen. Pennsylvania wavered until Ben Franklin stepped forward with a plan.

Favorite Reflections tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-05-07:%2Ffavorite_reflectionsxx.php 2007-05-07T18:51:22-04:00 2009-09-05T08:18:39-04:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/grf.jpg" class="left" style="width:125px;margin-bottom:15px;margin-top:0;" alt="George Ross Fisher III M.D." /> <span style="text-align:left"> In no particular order, here are the author's own favorites.</span> <span class="notvisible">filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler filler </span>

Right Angle Club 2007 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-03-01:%2Fthe_right_angle_club.php 2007-03-01T14:34:01-05:00 2009-09-05T05:45:00-04:00

A report, to the year 2007 shareholders of the Right Angle Club of Philadelphia, by the outgoing president. www.philadelphia-reflections.com/topic/73.htm

39.9491 -75.1675 Right Angle Club of Philadelphia 39.9491 -75.1675 39.9491 -75.1675 Shakspere Society of Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-01-31:%2Fshakspere_society_of_philadelphia.php 2008-01-31T12:15:06-05:00 2009-09-05T04:15:37-04:00

Maybe not the first, but the oldest Shakespeare club in America or possibly even the world, has kept minutes for over a hundred fifty years.

39.9485 -75.1615 Franklin Inn Club 39.9485 -75.1615 39.9485 -75.1615 Tourist Walk in Olde Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-03-29:%2Ftourist_walk_in_olde.php 2007-03-29T22:09:07-04:00 2009-09-01T01:23:03-04:00

Colonial Philadelphia can be seen in a hard day's walk, if you stick to the center of town.

Foreign Affairs tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-12-23:%2Fforeign_affairs.php 2007-12-23T00:28:34-05:00 2009-08-28T17:27:40-04:00

This topic is under construction. Feel free to watch it evolve.

To Germantown, a Short Appreciation tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fto_germanatown_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-08-27T20:47:20-04:00

Seven miles from the heart of Philadelphia, Germantown was once a separate town, the cultural center of Germans in America. Revolutionary battles were fought here, it was briefly the capital of the United States, and it still has an outstanding collection of schools and colleges.

Medical Economics tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-14:%2Fmedical_economics.php 2006-07-14T19:41:55-04:00 2009-08-25T19:30:36-04:00

Some Philadelphia physicians are contributors to current national debates on the financing of medical care.

Medical Club of Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-03-18:%2Fmedical_club_of_philadelphia.php 2009-03-18T12:57:57-04:00 2009-08-20T12:27:17-04:00

The Medical Club of Philadelphia was founded in the Nineteenth century, as a social club of doctors devoted to non-medical interests. Lots of famous names, here.

Theatre in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Ftheater_phila_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-08-03T17:22:14-04:00

Theater has declined, everywhere in the western world. But in Philadelphia, even today if you attended every new play you would keep pretty busy.

Musical Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fmusical_phila_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-07-24T21:23:34-04:00

Quakers never cared much for music, but the city has nonetheless musically flourished into international fame. At the same time, quarrels and internal battles have also been world class.

Articles of Confederation tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Farticles_confed_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-07-19T22:34:21-04:00

For thirteen years the country was ruled by the Articles of Confederation, and by Philadelphia. John Dickinson wrote them. We learned many lessons during that episode, and begin to forget we learned them.

Arch Street: from Sixth to Second tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-05-04:%2Fsixth_and_arch_to.php 2007-05-04T22:02:59-04:00 2009-07-19T22:33:37-04:00

<img src="http://www.christchurchphila.org/SiteData/imagefolder/strickland.jpg" class="tn-l-w100" alt="Christ Church, Philadelphia" /> When the large meeting house at Fourth and Arch was built, many Quakers moved their houses to the area. At that time, "North of Market" implied the Quaker region of town.

Clinton Health Plan of 1993 - Part One tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-07-08:%2Fthe_clinton_health_plan.php 2007-07-08T18:43:13-04:00 2009-07-19T20:11:10-04:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/healthcare.jpg" class="tn-l-w100" alt="health care" />Mistaking Senate re-election of Harris Wofford to mean the country demanded reform of the medical system, newly-elected President Clinton announced he would create one. When stakeholders surmised he was making it up as he went along, they deserted him.

Medical Malpractice tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fmedical_malpractice_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-07-15T12:57:01-04:00

The medical system is on the point of abandoning the city to escape abusive lawsuits. A series of observations about shared blame, ultimately assigns responsibility to the mistake of allowing this matter to be covered by insurance, thus creating a financial target.

Nobel Prizes tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-05-11:%2Fnobel_prizes.php 2007-05-11T22:05:06-04:00 2009-05-31T16:51:41-04:00

Some Philadelphians won Nobel Prizes for work done here, or elsewhere. Some prize winners would deny they are Philadelphians, but their work was nevertheless done here.

Philadelphia Changes the Nature of Money tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-10-08:%2Fphiladelphia_changes_the_nature.php 2008-10-08T16:55:43-04:00 2009-05-29T17:13:04-04:00

Banking changed its fundamentals, on Third Street in Philadelphia, three different times.

Pre-Revolutionary Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-05-28:%2Fpre_revolutionary_philadelphia.php 2009-05-28T20:09:46-04:00 2009-05-28T20:09:46-04:00

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Sporting Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fsporting_phila_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-05-18T11:17:54-04:00

A few reflections about sports in and around Philadelphia.

Financial Planning for a Long Retirement tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-01-28:%2Ffinancial_planning.php 2008-01-28T12:40:07-05:00 2009-04-20T14:39:06-04:00

<br /> How should an individual investor ensure they have enough money for retirement? <br /><br /> Such a person is often a professional or entrepreneur who has worked to accumulate wealth. Legions of "advisors" are lined up to take this money and manage it or else to sell "products" that promise to solve some problem or other. <br /><br /> A person who has created their career and their wealth from scratch by intelligence and hard work can also manage their investments themselves, or at least supervise the process from a position of strength created by knowing what needs to be done. <br /><br /> This collection of articles explains to the individual investor how to take control of their wealth. They may eventually decide to look for help from an advisor but they will retain control of their assets and they will know what to do. <br /><br /> <a href="http://www.youtube.com/profile_videos?user=grfiv" style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" >Financial Planning videos on YouTube</a>

Sixth and Walnut over to Broad and Sansom tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-05-04:%2Fsixth_and_walnut_to.php 2007-05-04T22:22:50-04:00 2009-04-03T20:30:52-04:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/PennsylvHospital.jpg" class="tn-l-h100" alt="Pennsylvania Hospital" />In 1751, the Pennsylvania Hospital at 8th and Spruce was 'way out in the country. Now it is in the center of a city, but the area still remains dominated by medical institutions.

Indigents tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-03-08:%2Findigents_.php 2007-03-08T17:04:30-05:00 2009-03-05T19:37:17-05:00

With a long history of welcoming and assisting the poor, Philadelphia has always risked swamping the lifeboat by attracting more of them than it can handle.

Philadelphia's Middle Urban Ring tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-01:%2Fphiladelphia_s_middle_urban.php 2006-08-01T11:39:27-04:00 2009-01-28T16:09:06-05:00

Philadelphia grew rapidly for seventy years after the Civil War, then gradually lost population. Skyscrapers drain population upwards, suburbs beckon outwards. The result: a ring around center city, mixed prosperous and dilapidated. Future in doubt.

North of Market tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-15:%2Fnorth_of_market_topic.php 2006-06-15T22:31:54-04:00 2009-01-28T16:05:55-05:00

The term once referred to the Quaker district along Arch Street, and then to a larger district that had its heyday after the Civil War, industrialized, declined, and is now our worst urban problem area.

Up the King's High Way tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-05-02:%2Fup_the_king_s.php 2007-05-02T21:22:07-04:00 2009-01-02T17:24:43-05:00

New Jersey has a narrow waistline, with New York harbor at one end, and Delaware Bay on the other. Traffic and history travelled the Kings Highway along this path between New York and Philadelphia.

USA: THE NINETEEN NINETIES tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-14:%2Fthe_united_states_the.php 2008-07-14T19:48:57-04:00 2008-10-30T16:44:15-04:00

</i>

PROLOGUE: Persia, The Nineteen - Thirties tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-14:%2Fprologue_b_persia_the.php 2008-07-14T19:43:07-04:00 2008-10-30T16:31:58-04:00

Persia, The Nineteen - Thirties

Deaths of the Shah, by Donald Hough tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-03-20:%2Fdiamond_27.php 2007-03-20T14:31:09-04:00 2008-10-30T16:18:25-04:00

Copyright, 2007, Shirley Hough

The Philadelphia Media tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-10-03:%2Fthe_philadelphia_media.php 2008-10-03T17:36:15-04:00 2008-10-22T15:35:36-04:00

The Philadelphia Media

Conventions and Convention Centers tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-02:%2Fconventions_and_convention_centers.php 2006-08-02T17:58:44-04:00 2008-10-06T18:51:20-04:00

When you have a big convention center, some circus is always coming to town. Philadelphia has always been a convention town, has had and still has lots of convention sites, and hopes to have more of the kind of famous convention we have had in the past.

Touring Philadelphia's Western Regions tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-04-09:%2Ftouring_philadelpia_s_western.php 2007-04-09T18:24:08-04:00 2008-10-05T20:47:25-04:00

Philadelpia County had two hundred farms in 1950, but is now thickly settled in all directions. Western regions along the Schuylkill are still spread out somewhat; with many historic estates.

Historical Motor Excursion North of Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-04-03:%2Fhistorical_motor_excursion_north.php 2007-04-03T17:17:48-04:00 2008-08-21T20:51:43-04:00

The narrow waist of New Jersey was the upper border of William Penn's vast land holdings, and the outer edge of Quaker influence. In 1776-77, Lord Howe made this strip the main highway of his attempt to subjugate the Colonies.

FRONT MATERIAL: Deaths of the Shah tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-14:%2Ffront_material_deaths_of.php 2008-07-14T19:40:03-04:00 2008-07-14T19:42:14-04:00

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testing a topic with no blogs tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-12:%2Ftesting_a_topic_with.php 2008-07-12T22:14:38-04:00 2008-07-12T22:16:46-04:00

testing a topic with no blogs for inclusion in Volumes

Custom Tour of Private Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Fcustom_tour_of_private.php 2006-06-22T17:43:15-04:00 2008-05-07T16:13:48-04:00

Philadelphia Hospitality, a non-profit group, puts together the following tour for visiting bigwigs. A good guide to what's best around here.

Japan and Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fjapan_and_philadelphia.php 2006-06-26T15:58:44-04:00 2007-12-21T12:48:39-05:00

Philadelphia and Japan have had a special friendship for 150 years.

35.6867 139.752 Imerial Place, Edo 35.6867 139.752 35.6867 139.752 Existing Websites Which Offer Higher Education tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-03-13:%2Fexisting_websites_which_offer.html 2010-03-13T21:25:05-05:00 2010-03-13T21:26:48-05:00

The number of Internet websites which currently offer free education on the college level is immense and growing rapidly. Just as terabyte is the next step after gigabyte, we need a new word to denominate "much larger than merely immense".

CFPA or Die tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-03-13:%2Fcfpa_or_die.html 2010-03-13T21:01:18-05:00 2010-03-13T21:01:38-05:00

Funny or Die's Presidential Reunion

Paying For College - II tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-03-12:%2Fpaying_for_college_ii.html 2010-03-12T19:40:04-05:00 2010-03-13T12:10:38-05:00

As college education strives to be universal, forcing a few prosperous students to subsidize many needy ones becomes unsustainable. Colleges must devise better tuition systems, before somebody else does it for them.

Airport Economics tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fairport_economics.html 1999-10-21T16:58:17-04:00 2010-03-12T20:06:57-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/US%20Airways.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="US Airlines" />airport economics

39.8678 -75.246 Philadelphia, PA 39.8678 -75.246 39.8678 -75.246 Easy Ride: Perth Amboy to Trenton tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fperth_amboy_trenton_2.html 1992-07-23T16:58:17-04:00 2010-03-12T19:31:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/british-grenadier.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="Revolutionary War" />The British Army romped down the narrow waist of New Jersey, from New Brunswick to Trenton. But it's not safe to go too fast too far into enemy territory.

40.6219 -74.0868 British Camp Staten Island NY 40.6219 -74.0868 40.6219 -74.0868 Paying for College I tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-03-08:%2Fpaying_for_college_i.html 2010-03-08T17:23:06-05:00 2010-03-12T17:40:26-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/collegeExpenses.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />A service economy needs more education past high school. Soaring college tuition costs imply a supply shortage; and hence we need more colleges. But cheaper ones.

Mercantilism Dies Hard tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-10-30:%2Fmercantilism_dies_hard.html 2008-10-30T21:05:47-04:00 2010-03-12T16:52:09-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Lorrain.seaport.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Diplomacy has been described as war by other means. It's possible to regard both war and diplomacy as economics by other means, a general attitude called mercantilism.

Franklin's Admirers on TV tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-06-14:%2Ffranklins_admirers_on_tv.html 2008-06-14T19:41:16-04:00 2010-03-11T17:35:56-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/cspan%20logo.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The author finds himself on television, and wonders whether c-span is a variant of blogging. From that, we go on to question whether Franklin really liked the French.

39.9559 -75.1677 Friends Select School 39.9559 -75.1677 39.9559 -75.1677 1793: Germantown Nurses the Yellow Fever tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2F1793_germantown.html 1997-06-12T16:58:17-04:00 2010-03-11T14:12:50-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/1787.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/1787.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Refugees from Haiti slave revolts brought Yellow Fever to south Philadelphia.

40.0432 -75.1808 Borough of Germantown 40.0432 -75.1808 40.0432 -75.1808 Website Statistics tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-05-29:%2Fwebsite_statistics.html 2008-05-29T21:27:36-04:00 2010-03-11T08:27:08-05:00

Philadelphia Reflections' popularity has grown quite dramatically over two and a half years.

Google Maps Icons tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-03-10:%2Fgoogle_maps_icons.html 2010-03-10T21:36:24-05:00 2010-03-11T08:09:42-05:00

Google Maps/Earth do not make icon creation & manipulation easy.

Escaping for PHP Output to JavaScript tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-03-10:%2Fescaping_for_php_output.html 2010-03-10T21:16:40-05:00 2010-03-10T21:17:00-05:00

To send data to a JavaScript script from PHP, three levels of escaping are required

Boundaries of the Grant tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-03:%2Fboundaries_of_the_grant.html 2010-02-03T14:51:27-05:00 2010-03-10T16:21:42-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/wmpenn.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The land granted to Penn was mostly swamp and wilderness in the 17th Century. Infinite disagreements were certain to result, but a paragraph described all that could be known at the time of the grant.

40.0003 -74.7985 40.0003 -74.7985 40.0003 -74.7985 Go to Delaware, Elephants? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-19:%2Fgo_to_delaware_elephants.html 2010-02-19T16:29:57-05:00 2010-03-10T15:48:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/dead_elephant.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />It's about a 20-minute commute from Delaware to Philadelphia, with a big difference in estate taxes. Moving from New Jersey to Delaware would double that difference.

39.1596 -75.5239 Woodburn, The Governor's House 39.1596 -75.5239 39.1596 -75.5239 Signers and Non-Signers of the Constitution tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-01-06:%2Fsigners_and_nonsigners_of.html 2009-01-06T14:29:28-05:00 2010-03-10T12:25:27-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Philadelphia Philadelphia Seventy four delegates were selected to attend the Constitutional Convention, but only thirty-nine signed it. Considering that Rhode Island refused to attend, that sounds like a closer vote than it really was. But it was definitely not unanimous.

39.9489 -75.15 Independence Hall 39.9489 -75.15 39.9489 -75.15 Urban Transportation- tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-03-05:%2Furban_transportation.html 2010-03-05T18:08:30-05:00 2010-03-10T12:18:05-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/trolley_horse_2.jpg" Class="tn-l-w50" alt="{Horse-Draw Trolley Car}" />The industrial revolution made cities grow, and thus made mass transit desirable. The flight to the suburbs then made mass transit attractive only to urban politicians.

The Girl in the Red Velvet Swing tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzzthe_girl_in_the.html 2006-06-26T14:59:16-04:00 2010-03-10T10:41:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/girlin%20the%20redvelvetswing.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Statue of Diana" />The original Gibson girl's husband was rich, her boyfriend was famous. But blowing somebody's brains out in public is supposed to be a felony.

39.9476 -75.1698 Former Thaw Residence 39.9476 -75.1698 39.9476 -75.1698 Franklin's Funeral, 1790 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-08-20:%2Ffranklins_funeral_1790.html 2009-08-20T13:53:19-04:00 2010-03-09T17:52:48-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/bfranklingrave.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Benjamin Franklin" />Although it has been said there were efforts to tone it down, the Funeral of Benjamin Franklin was an important moment. Everyone in Philadelphia knew it.

39.9507 -75.1439 Christ Church in Philadelphia 39.9507 -75.1439 39.9507 -75.1439 SEPTA's Long Term Planning tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-01-29:%2Fseptas_long_term_planning.html 2010-01-29T18:55:05-05:00 2010-03-09T17:12:22-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/septa.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />SEPTA is slowly making progress, but it's a struggle, every step of the way.

39.9519 -75.161 Septa 39.9519 -75.161 39.9519 -75.161 The Final Capture of Philadelphia (6) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fthe_final_capture_phila_6.html 1999-05-06T16:58:17-04:00 2010-03-07T22:37:49-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/HOWE.GIF" class="tn-l-w50" alt="howe" />The British fleet dropped General Howe off at the head of the Chesapeake, planning to rejoin and resupply him by coming up the Delaware. But for six weeks the British couldn't subdue Forts Mifflin and Mercer, either by land or by sea, and had a close call before they finally did.

39.8753 -75.213 Fort Miffin 39.8753 -75.213 39.8753 -75.213 Rugby in Our Midst tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-04-18:%2Frugby_in_our_midst.html 2007-04-18T14:35:23-04:00 2010-03-07T18:55:51-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/cricket.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Englishmen play cricket and rugby. Americans play baseball and football. The rest of the world plays soccer, and calls it football.

39.95 -75.19 Franklin Field Philadelphia PA 39.95 -75.19 39.95 -75.19 How to Live Off an Investment Portfolio tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-03-06:%2Fhow_to_live_off.html 2010-03-06T15:32:09-05:00 2010-03-07T10:38:29-05:00

It's a hard rule, but don't ignore it.

The Wyoming Massacre of July 3, 1778 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-20:%2Fthe_wyoming_massacre_of.html 2006-06-20T20:41:46-04:00 2010-03-04T20:37:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/josephbrant.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />As the dominant Indian Tribe in Eastern America, the Iroquois were ruthless in war. Whether egged on by the British or for their own reasons, in 1778 they remorselessly wiped out the Connecticut settlers around Wilkes-Barre.

41.3211 -75.8181 The Battle of Wyoming Marker 41.3211 -75.8181 41.3211 -75.8181 HSP: Philadelphia's Attic tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-04-03:%2Fhsp_philadelphias_attic.html 2009-04-03T19:46:55-04:00 2010-03-04T17:57:19-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/hsplogo.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The Historical Society of Pennsylvania started out in 1824 as a repository of family treasures. Several mergers and changes of direction have given it a new mission.

39.9477 -75.1627 The Historical Society of Pennsylvania 39.9477 -75.1627 39.9477 -75.1627 The Republican Court tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-01-26:%2Fthe_republican_court.html 2010-01-26T17:30:02-05:00 2010-03-04T17:42:59-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/annwillingbingham.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />An aristocratic court may seem a peculiar place to unite a republic, but the female-dominated social circle of 1790-1800 nevertheless united a new nation. Its definition of who is socially prominent still persists, to some degree.

Haddonfield Blooming Outdoors, Year-Round tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-12-03:%2Fhaddonfield_outdoors_mini_and.html 2008-12-03T21:09:37-05:00 2010-03-04T16:44:43-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/haddonfieldlights.JPG" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" /> A calendar (in progress) of outdoor blooming in Haddonfield, New Jersey.

39.8981 -75.0312 Ross and Perry Inc., 39.8981 -75.0312 39.8981 -75.0312 Quakers and Indians tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-22:%2Fquakers_and_indians.html 2010-02-22T00:54:50-05:00 2010-03-03T15:21:51-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/arch-street-philadelphia-yearly-meeting-1900.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Yearly Meeting" />The Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of Friends has voted to endorse the U.N. Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The United States delegation to the U. N. has declined to endorse it. Each side has a point worth considering.

39.9559 -75.1651 Philadelphia Yearly Meeting 39.9559 -75.1651 39.9559 -75.1651 The Walking Purchase tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-21:%2Fthe_walking_purchase.html 2006-06-21T14:05:28-04:00 2010-03-02T21:04:05-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/william-penn-indians.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="William Penn and Indians" /> Quaker treatment of the Indians had been exemplary before 1737, and has been highly sympathetic ever since then, too. However, James Logan totally destroyed the trust of the Delaware Indians by using hired runners to establish boundaries of the Walking Purchase, north of the Neshaminy Creek. General Braddock would eventually pay the price of this betrayal when it was later imitated by Benjamin Franklin at the Albany conference.

39.9661 -75.1287 Penn Treaty Park 39.9661 -75.1287 39.9661 -75.1287 Hold the Presses tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-07-24:%2Fhold_the_presses.html 2007-07-24T17:56:25-04:00 2010-03-02T16:21:24-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/267-stop-the-presses.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/stopthepress.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />The Clinton Health Plan was dead on arrival, but the media didn't know that.

40.7605 -73.9737 USA Today Building 40.7605 -73.9737 40.7605 -73.9737 Literary Figures in the Philadelphia Region tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-23:%2Fliterary_figures_in_the.html 2010-02-23T17:10:41-05:00 2010-03-02T14:28:12-05:00

.

The Heirs of William Penn tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-10-05:%2Fthe_heirs_of_william.html 2006-10-05T18:41:25-04:00 2010-03-02T13:44:48-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Williampenn3.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The death of William Penn left his heirs the largest land holdings in America. Although they managed it fairly well, it proved to be more than a single family could cope with.

Oriental Money tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-04-16:%2Foriental_money.html 2009-04-16T21:06:07-04:00 2010-03-02T09:16:29-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Yuancollection.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/yuan.gif" /> The Chinese did not invent the export-driven economy, or monopolize its use. But their command structure allowed them to exploit it most effectively.

31.2382 121.506 Shanghai Stock Exchange 31.2382 121.506 31.2382 121.506 George Willoughby, 95, Peace Activist tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-05:%2Fgeorge_willoughby_95_peace.html 2010-02-05T11:58:54-05:00 2010-03-01T17:40:07-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/georgewilloughby.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />In The Philadelphia Inquirer for February 4, 2010, By Claudia Vargas Inquirer Writer.

Malpractice: State or Federal Problem? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-21:%2Fmalpractice_state_or_federal.html 2006-06-21T15:30:11-04:00 2010-03-01T06:00:12-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Scales_of_justice2.jpg" wide class="tn-l-w50" alt="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Scales_of_justice2.jpg" />It would be lots easier to solve the malpractice problem if it could be all concentrated in one federal place.

Pictures II tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-02-21:%2Fpictures_ii.html 2008-02-21T22:31:13-05:00 2010-03-01T05:53:03-05:00

Some pictures you might like

Quaker Doctrine and Schism tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-21:%2Fquaker_doctrine_and_schism.html 2006-06-21T12:56:49-04:00 2010-02-26T17:28:54-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/T642037A.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Encarta" />Without a written doctrine, outsiders get a glimpse of Quaker belief from what they think is worth arguing over.

39.9524 -75.1487 The Free Quaker Meeting House Philadelphia 39.9524 -75.1487 39.9524 -75.1487 Free Quaker Meetinghouse tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzfree_quaker_meetinghouse.html 2006-06-26T15:25:26-04:00 2010-02-26T15:00:00-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Indepence%20hall-724037.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Independence Hall" />It's only open a few days each year, but the red brick building at 5th and Arch was the meeting house for those few Quakers, including Betsy Ross, who fought for the Revolution. The Park Service has made a beautiful restoration, which deserves to be seen by more people.

39.9524 -75.1487 Free Quaker Mettinghouse 39.9524 -75.1487 39.9524 -75.1487 George Will at CPAC tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-25:%2Fgeorge_will_at_cpac.html 2010-02-25T19:11:20-05:00 2010-02-25T20:07:28-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/george_will.jpg" alt="{pundit george will}" class="tn-l-w50" />I have new-found respect for George Will after his speech to CPAC last week. If it's possible --from a sober egghead-- he had more laugh lines than applause lines. And a trenchant message.

Pyramid-Building, Greatly Simplified tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-10-27:%2Fpyramidbuilding_greatly_simplified.html 2009-10-27T13:35:07-04:00 2010-02-25T13:02:24-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/The%20Great%20Pyramid%20of%20Giza.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />After several thousand years, building the Egyptian pyramids turns out to be easier that we imagined.

29.9838 31.1293 The Great Pyramid of Giza 29.9838 31.1293 29.9838 31.1293 MySQL server has gone away tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-29:%2Fmysql_server_has_gone.html 2008-07-29T15:15:59-04:00 2010-02-25T03:33:53-05:00

What to do when your MySQL connection is timing out for no apparently good reason, all of a sudden.

The Swedenborgian Church tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzthe_swedenborgian_church.html 2006-06-23T15:18:29-04:00 2010-02-24T15:22:03-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/cross.gif" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The Swedenborgians belong to the Church of the New Jeruselem, following the teachings of Emanuel Swedenborg, and strongly emphasizing personal responsibility, individuality, and good works. The Philadelphia branch is particularly strong, centered around a magnificent medieval cathedral in Bryn Athyn. Johnny Appleseed and Helen Keller were notable adherants, and a driving force has been the Pitcairn family of industrialists.

39.9458 -75.702 The Swedenborgian Church 39.9458 -75.702 39.9458 -75.702 Legal Quagmire: Forming the State of Delaware tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-04:%2Flegal_quagmire_forming_the.html 2010-02-04T22:03:06-05:00 2010-02-24T14:41:07-05:00

In 1632, King Charles I granted to the Maryland proprietor coastal land with a northern border at the 40th parallel. In 1682, the Duke of York conquered the Dutch from the Connecticut River to Cape Henlopen; afterwards, his brother Charles II gave away New Jersey and Pennsylvania, leaving York with New York plus a strip of wilderness from Pennsylvania to Henlopen. York then gifted that southern strip to William Penn before anyone realized there was a sloppy overlap with Maryland of thousands of square miles. Lawsuits galore.

WILLIAM BLATHWAYT'S DRAFT OF THE CHARTER OF PENNSYLVANIA tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-01-28:%2Fwilliam_blathwayts_draft_of.html 2010-01-28T14:55:13-05:00 2010-02-24T14:39:14-05:00

William Blathwayt was clerk of the Board of Trade. His draft of Penn's charter for Pennsylvania was essentially the staff proposal for the King to sign. It conforms to the final charter in all but minor wording.

Second Mortgages Want to Be First tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-05-04:%2Fsecond_mortgages_want_to.html 2009-05-04T18:29:52-04:00 2010-02-23T23:54:46-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/chrysler.logo.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt=""/>Banks would not normally take sides between first and second mortgages. However, securitization took the first mortgages away from big banks, so they now have an incentive to seek political favor for second mortgages.

42.4083 -82.9161 CHRYSLER 42.4083 -82.9161 42.4083 -82.9161 History of Religion tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-02-27:%2Fhistory_of_religion.html 2009-02-27T09:26:11-05:00 2010-02-23T20:20:56-05:00

How has the geography of religion evolved over the centuries, and where has it sparked wars? Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Judaism.

Grand Union tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-07-19:%2Fgrand_union.html 2009-07-19T22:26:14-04:00 2010-02-23T19:13:58-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Grand_union_flag.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Grand Union Flag" />Thirteen stars and stripes became the National Flag in 1777, but a rather similar flag was the National flag from 1775-1777. It was also designed by a Philadelphia milliner, Margaret Manny.

Logan, Franklin, Library tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-10-28:%2Flogan_franklin_library.html 2006-10-28T15:42:27-04:00 2010-02-22T11:49:19-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/James_Logan.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />James Logan and Benjamin Franklin were at the opposite ends of the social scale in Colonial Philadelphia, and were to adopt stongly differing political views. But each recognized the intellectual power of the other, and they were fast friends.

39.9478 -75.1631 The Library Company of Philadelphia 39.9478 -75.1631 39.9478 -75.1631 Victorian Broad Street tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzvictorian_broad_street.html 2006-06-26T15:39:52-04:00 2010-02-20T17:31:03-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Broad100.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Some massive beautiful Victorian buildings still dominate the City crossroads on Broad Street near City Hall.

39.9479 -75.1652 South Broad Street Philadelphia PA 39.9479 -75.1652 39.9479 -75.1652 Geckos: Academy of Natural Sciences brings Mini Dinosaurs tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-07-26:%2Fgeckos_academy_of_natural.html 2009-07-26T15:18:46-04:00 2010-02-19T18:07:48-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/green-gecko.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Gecko" />Philadelphia's Academy of Natural Sciences introduced the world to dinosaurs, and now introduces us to a miniature version.

39.9571 -75.1712 Philadelphia's Academy of Natural Sciences 39.9571 -75.1712 39.9571 -75.1712 Philadelphia Food: Fast Food tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzphiladelphia_food_fast_food.html 2006-06-26T14:46:01-04:00 2010-02-19T16:51:50-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/philly-pretzels.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Hard

39.9332 -75.1593 Pats King of Steaks 39.9332 -75.1593 39.9332 -75.1593 Benjamin Franklin Parkway (2) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzbenjamin_franklin_parkway_2.html 2006-06-23T14:53:11-04:00 2010-02-19T15:31:28-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/artmusolympia.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Parthenon-like Art Museum at the other.

39.9579 -75.1706 Swann Memorial Fountain 39.9579 -75.1706 39.9579 -75.1706 Philadelphia City-County Consolidation of 1854 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-01-28:%2Fphiladelphia_citycounty_consolidation_of.html 2009-01-28T14:55:48-05:00 2010-02-19T14:12:37-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/1762philabiddle.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Consolidation Map 1854" />Prior to 1854, Philadelphia City was one of twenty-nine political entities within Philadelphia County. After that, it became one big city without suburbs. Growth pressure now reverses toward suburbs without a city. Political boundaries should thus shift inwardly.

39.9524 -75.1636 City Hall 39.9524 -75.1636 39.9524 -75.1636 The Hospital That Ate Chicago (1) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-21:%2Fthe_hospital_that_ate.html 2006-06-21T13:39:11-04:00 2010-02-19T14:10:34-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/grf.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />A flash of inspiration gets a medical article published.

39.8895 -75.0425 George Ross Fisher 39.8895 -75.0425 39.8895 -75.0425 The Coming Baby Boomer Retirement Problem tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-12-19:%2Fthe_coming_baby_boomer.html 2006-12-19T18:58:53-05:00 2010-02-19T14:09:27-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/DOLLARSIGN.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="" />In a few years, the baby boomers will retire and two things will happen. They will have to retire later in life, and the country will have to borrow money to pay for the rest.

40.22 -74.7779 Trenton Makes the World Takes 40.22 -74.7779 40.22 -74.7779 Turtles and Bananas tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-02:%2Fturtles_and_bananas.html 2008-07-02T16:33:03-04:00 2010-02-19T14:08:09-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/SnappingTurtle.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Snapper soup can be made from snapping turtles, but the historical source of the ingredients has been shipped from the Caribbean.

39.9468 -75.143 Old Original BookBinder's 39.9468 -75.143 39.9468 -75.143 States Rights Confront Civil War tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-10-20:%2Fstates_rights_confront_civil.html 2009-10-20T23:32:01-04:00 2010-02-19T14:06:38-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Constitution.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The Constitution took certain defined powers from the states and gave them to the Federal Government. Further steady erosion of states rights began, but the Republican Party gave things a big push during the Civil War.

39.9489 -75.15 Independence Hall 39.9489 -75.15 39.9489 -75.15 The Trigger and the Cliffhanger tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-08-08:%2Fthe_trigger_and_the.html 2008-08-08T23:05:50-04:00 2010-02-19T14:04:14-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/fanniemae.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />It was inevitable that someone would pull a trigger, and market gossip is now shaking loose who actually did. The cliffhanger to come is the insolvency of Fannie and Freddy.

38.883 -77.0101 U.S Treasury 38.883 -77.0101 38.883 -77.0101 Toast To Benjamin Franklin tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-01-23:%2Ftoast_to_benjamin_franklin.html 2008-01-23T16:13:24-05:00 2010-02-19T14:01:58-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/franklin.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Toasts to Ben Franklin continue. This one by a former president of Swarthmore College has its focus on women in Ben's life.

39.9484 -75.1615 The Franklin Inn Club of Philadelphia 39.9484 -75.1615 39.9484 -75.1615 Meschianza tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzmeschianza_.html 2006-06-26T14:00:27-04:00 2010-02-18T17:29:27-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/HOWE.GIF" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" /> With two hundred years of embellishment, the story of the big party the British Army gave for Philadelphia as a goodbye present, lives on and on. For any ambitious hostess, this is still the party to equal, although neither the Quakers nor the patriots thought very highly of it.

40.1184 -75.2852 Valley Forge Convention and Visitors Bureau 40.1184 -75.2852 40.1184 -75.2852 Philadelphia's Two Years Under Attack: A Chronology tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzphiladelphias_year_at_war.html 2006-06-23T15:46:50-04:00 2010-02-18T16:51:35-05:00

<b>First year: </b>The British marched from Perth Amboy, back to Perth Amboy. <b>Second year: </b>The British sailed from Perth Amboy, back to Perth Amboy.

Sullivan's March tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fsullivans_march.html 1995-03-16T16:58:17-05:00 2010-02-18T16:06:10-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/general-john-sullivan.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Sullivan" />With Washington beleaguered at Valley Forge, an Indian massacre of the nearby Wyoming Valley was a serious threat from the rear. General Sullivan was sent to exterminate the Iroquois, and proved utterly ruthless.

Pembertons tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-31:%2Fpembertons_.html 2006-08-31T15:36:49-04:00 2010-02-18T15:54:36-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/oldphosp.jpg" alt="" class="tn-l-w50" />One of the oldest, most prominent Quaker families contained a multitude of famous, rich, distinguished leaders. Many suffered imprisonment or exile for their pacifism, but one Pemberton is the highest-ranking wartime general buried in Laurel Hill Cemetery. He was a Confederate.

39.945 -75.1558 Pennsylvania Hospital 39.945 -75.1558 39.945 -75.1558 The Franklin Inn tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fthe_franklin_inn.html 1993-06-10T16:58:17-04:00 2010-02-18T15:44:11-05:00

<img src="http://philadelphia-reflections.com/images/weirmitchell.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Founded by S. Weir Mitchell as a literary society, this little club hidden on Camac Street has been the center of Philadelphia's literary life.

39.9486 -75.1614 The Franklin Inn Club Of Philadelphia 39.9486 -75.1614 39.9486 -75.1614 La Fayette, We Are Here tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-19:%2Fla_fayette_we_are.html 2006-06-19T20:34:27-04:00 2010-02-18T15:36:03-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/ap21.19.R.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />LaFayette's first experience in charge of troops very nearly ended in his capture.

40.0879 -75.263 Barren Hill 40.0879 -75.263 40.0879 -75.263 Lansdowne tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-10-06:%2Flansdowne_.html 2006-10-06T18:11:40-04:00 2010-02-18T15:35:12-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Lansdowne2.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Lansdowne2.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />John Penn, the last of the Penn Proprietors, lived in a mansion near what is now Horticultural Hall in Fairmount Park.

39.9382 -75.2717 Lansdwone Borough Hall 39.9382 -75.2717 39.9382 -75.2717 Howe's Choice: To Philadelphia, or Saratoga? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-04-06:%2Fphiladelphia_saratoga_5.html 1999-12-30T16:58:17-05:00 2010-02-18T15:02:55-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/genHowe.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="General Howe" />The Howe brothers may have been socialites, but they were also seasoned, smart soldiers who played hard and played to win. Washington proved to be their equal, but he had to prove it.

43.0108 -73.6534 Battlefield of Saratoga 43.0108 -73.6534 43.0108 -73.6534 William Allen, Tory tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-10-16:%2Fwilliam_allen_tory.html 2006-10-16T20:15:38-04:00 2010-02-18T14:56:01-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/WilliamAllen.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />History is written by the victors, so the rich Tory William Allen is largely forgotten. But he was Chief Justice, probably the richest man in the colony, the son in law of Andrew Hamilton and the father in law of John Penn, the Proprietor and Governor.

41.308 -72.9268 Yale University 41.308 -72.9268 41.308 -72.9268 The Battle of Germantown: Oct. 3, 1777 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fbattle_of_germantown.html 1996-10-17T16:58:17-04:00 2010-02-18T14:54:15-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/chew_mansion_old.JPG" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />As long as the Delaware River was blocked at Fort Mifflin, the British army may have won the Battle of the Brandywine, but it still had no supplies from the British fleet and was adrift in enemy territory. Washington thought there was still a chance to save Philadelphia, and attacked Howe at his headquarters in Germantown. However, his troops got lost in a heavy fog with two units firing on each other. Retreat to Valley Forge.

40.0432 -75.1817 battle of Germantown 40.0432 -75.1817 40.0432 -75.1817 Battle of the Clouds: September, Remember tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzbattle_of_the_clouds.html 2006-06-23T15:44:03-04:00 2010-02-18T14:35:52-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/ab-hurr-hurricanealberto.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="hurricane" />Benjamin Franklin, it should be noted, was the first to observe that Atlantic Coast "Nor'easters" actually begin in the South and work North, even though the wind seems to be blowing the other way.

39.9923 -75.5483 Battle of The Clouds 39.9923 -75.5483 39.9923 -75.5483 Why Did Admiral Howe Choose the Chesapeake? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-08-04:%2Fwhy_did_admiral_howe.html 2006-08-04T19:48:07-04:00 2010-02-18T13:53:10-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/philadelphia-airport.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" class="tn-l-w50" />Navigation of the Delaware Bay was too tricky for Admiral Howe's fleet, even though there were good landing spots.

Encampment At East Falls tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzencampment_at_east_falls.html 2006-06-23T15:53:45-04:00 2010-02-18T13:49:45-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Moland%20House.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" /> To follow the story chronologically, however, we must first follow Washington to Moland House in Bucks County, after the first East Falls encampment.

40.22 -74.7779 Trenton Makes the World Takes 40.22 -74.7779 40.22 -74.7779 Heart Attack 2009 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-04-15:%2Fheart_attack_2009.html 2009-04-15T00:26:42-04:00 2010-02-17T22:23:32-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/heart_attack.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Heart Attack" />In May, I had a coronary occlusion, and a fast trip to the Pennsylvania Hospital. Cardiac catheterization opened the artery with a stent, before there was time for infarction.

39.9455 -75.1551 Pennsylvania Hospital 39.9455 -75.1551 39.9455 -75.1551 Defeat and Disaster: Philadelphia Falls to the Enemy tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fphiladelphia_or_sara_4.html 2004-03-04T16:58:17-05:00 2010-02-17T17:14:47-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/HOWE2.GIF" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Howe" />Howe was to take New York (and Philadelphia if there was opportunity) and then go up the Hudson to join an army under Burgoyne, which was coming down from Quebec. Howe, who was related to the King, decided on his own to take Philadelphia and leave Burgoyne to his own devices. The plan was too ambitious, and although he conquered the enemy capital, he lost his war.

39.8744 -75.5762 Brandy wine Battlefield 39.8744 -75.5762 39.8744 -75.5762 Harvard Progressives in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-08-27:%2Fharvard_progressives_in_philadelphia.html 2009-08-27T17:07:03-04:00 2010-02-17T17:13:07-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Owen-Wister.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The Progressive movement of the early 20th century was a strange hodge-podge of political reformers, nostalgic aristocrats, would-be socialists, and anti-immigrants. The central figure was Theodore Roosevelt, traveling in strange company like Owen Wister, Robert M. LaFollette, Henry James and Henry Adams. The Philadelphia link seems to have been through Harvard.

Two Weeks At Moland House tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzcomic_interlude_at_moland.html 2006-06-23T15:52:34-04:00 2010-02-17T17:11:01-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Moland_House.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="Moland House" />Washington, LaFayette, and twenty-seven other famous heros of the Revolution spent a week in this Bucks County farmhouse, waiting for the British to make a move. Washington had a bottle of Madeira every day for lunch, but Mrs. Moland made him sleep on the floor, and pay for cleaning up when they left.

40.2358 -75.0928 Moland Houes 40.2358 -75.0928 40.2358 -75.0928 Disorderly Retreat: From Trenton Back to Perth Amboy tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzfrom_trenton_back_to.html 2006-06-23T11:59:14-04:00 2010-02-17T16:05:47-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Washington%20on%20horse%20at%20Trenton.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />At the Battle of Trenton, George Washington established his military reputation for all time.

40.331 -74.6754 Princeton Battlefield Park 40.331 -74.6754 40.331 -74.6754 TOAST TO E. DIGBY BALTZELL (1915-1996) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-01-29:%2Ftoast_to_e_digby.html 2010-01-29T20:17:14-05:00 2010-02-17T15:21:11-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/E_Digby_Baltzell.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />A toast to E. Digby Baltzell (1915-1996), given by Theodore Friend, Sr. at the Franklin Inn Club annual dinner on Franklin's birthday, where toasts are customary.

What Happened in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fphiladelphia_in_76.html 1994-07-28T16:58:17-04:00 2010-02-17T15:04:45-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/spirit%20of%2076.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />There were about 30,000 residents, just a small town, but it was the second largest city in the English-speaking world. Aside from wagons, there were thirty wheeled vehicles. But this is where decisions were made.

39.9489 -75.15 Independence National Historical Park 39.9489 -75.15 39.9489 -75.15 Perth Amboy Revisited tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-05-02:%2Fperth_amboy_revisited.html 2007-05-02T22:20:13-04:00 2010-02-17T14:53:49-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/GovMPerthAmboy.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Perth Amboy was once the capital of New Jersey, and the scene of General Howe's invasion of the rebellious colonies. Except for one old building, you might never guess.

40.5083 -74.2699 PERTH AMBOY NJ 40.5083 -74.2699 40.5083 -74.2699 British Headquarters: Perth Amboy, New Jersey, in its 1776 Heyday tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fperth_amboy_heyday.html 1994-01-13T16:58:17-05:00 2010-02-17T14:40:47-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/amboymap.jpg" alt="{Perth Amboy map}" class="tn-l-h50" />Now dispirited and forgotten, Perth Amboy was once the glamorous capital of New Jersey. Its harbor and neighboring Staten Island were headquarters for the Admiral Howe's British fleet during most of the Revolution.

40.5035 -74.2692 Proprietary House 40.5035 -74.2692 40.5035 -74.2692 Jewelers Row tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzjewelers_row.html 2006-06-26T14:43:03-04:00 2010-02-17T09:28:43-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/jewerlersrow-749624.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="jewerlers row" />It makes an interesting study in the economics of marketing to visit the collection of dozens of jeweler shops all crowded into a couple of blocks.

39.9488 -75.1527 Safian Rudolph Jewelers 39.9488 -75.1527 39.9488 -75.1527 Barringer Crater in Winslow AZ tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-05-31:%2Fbarringer_crater_in_winslow.html 2009-05-31T22:26:46-04:00 2010-02-16T20:59:38-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/crater2.JPG" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Barringer Crater" />The crater is in Arizona, but the owners are in Philadelphia.

35.0274 -111.023 Barringer Crater 35.0274 -111.023 35.0274 -111.023 Another Toast to S. Weir Mitchell tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-02-12:%2Fanother_toast_to_s.html 2009-02-12T15:58:52-05:00 2010-02-16T17:13:38-05:00

<img src="http://philadelphia-reflections.com/images/weirmitchell.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The former President of Swarthmore College tips his hat to the founder of the Franklin Inn Club.

Phillycarshare tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-02-20:%2Fphillycarshare_.html 2009-02-20T21:01:46-05:00 2010-02-16T13:42:34-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/redcarshare.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Those little red cars running around Philadelphia are for rent, by the hour.

39.9502 -75.1552 Phillycarshare Headquaters 39.9502 -75.1552 39.9502 -75.1552 Taking Care of Our Veterans tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-03-13:%2Ftaking_care_of_our.html 2009-03-13T19:11:18-04:00 2010-02-15T21:47:46-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/deptvetseal.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />With programs to treat most any service-related affliction, the Philadelphia offices of the Department of Veteran's Affairs is a busy center for our freedom fighters.

39.9498 -75.2016 Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Treatment Research Center 39.9498 -75.2016 39.9498 -75.2016 Why Are Hospital Prices So High? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-21:%2Fwhy_are_hospital_prices.html 2006-06-21T13:56:59-04:00 2010-02-15T11:16:24-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/aspirin2.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/inside1-aspirin.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />The answer is that they are discounts to insurance companies. People with insurance pay a lower price than those without.

39.9458 -75.1559 Pennsylvania Hospital 39.9458 -75.1559 39.9458 -75.1559 Kenneth Gordon, MD, Hero of Valley Forge tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fkenneth_gordon.html 2004-10-27T16:58:17-04:00 2010-02-14T08:51:43-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/KGMDvalleyforge.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/KGMDvalleyforge.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />This soft-spoken child psychiatrist was mainly responsible for keeping real estate developers from building houses all over the Valley Forge encampment.

40.0918 -75.4622 Valley Forge, PA 40.0918 -75.4622 40.0918 -75.4622 The Corinthos Disaster tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-20:%2Fthe_corinthos_disaster.html 2008-07-20T12:46:11-04:00 2010-02-08T18:17:51-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/big_oil_spill_on_fire.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="" />We hope the 1975 Corinthos disaster proves to be the worst fire in Philadelphia history; it's hard to imagine a bigger one.

39.8182 -75.4156 Marcus Hook 39.8182 -75.4156 39.8182 -75.4156 Eisenhower, Reagan and Rumsfeld tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Feisenhower_reagan_and_rumsfeld.html 2006-06-22T11:11:23-04:00 2010-02-05T21:15:03-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/donaldrumsfeld.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/donaldrumsfeld.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />The battle between Donald Rumsfeld and some of his officers is an ancient one, with roots in the 19th Century, winning the Cold War, and the Industrial Military Complex.

38.8155 -77.0154 Department of Defense Office of Public Communication 38.8155 -77.0154 38.8155 -77.0154 Constitution III, Amendments, Afterthoughts and Rights tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-12-05:%2Fconstitution_part_iii.html 2008-12-05T18:36:09-05:00 2010-02-04T20:17:59-05:00

The concept of an amendable constitution was first devised by William Penn and utilized in his form of government of Pennsylvania. But Federalists at the 1787 Constitutional convention feared amendments would weaken the document's power. The alternative, repeat Conventions in which everything would again be on the table, ultimately seemed even more destabilizing. Amendments are permitted, but discouraged by difficult methodology.

Freedom is Not Independence tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-03:%2Ffreedom_is_not_independence.html 2010-02-03T17:26:34-05:00 2010-02-04T11:40:16-05:00

Very likely, King Charles's advisors warned him of the possibility that colonies might drift away and even become enemies in time. Provisions about immigration policy and foreign relations needed some sort of review by the Crown.

Freedom of Religion Includes Freedom For Anglicans tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-03:%2Ffreedom_of_religion_includes.html 2010-02-03T17:19:13-05:00 2010-02-03T17:20:26-05:00

Either King Charles or his advisors seems to have had an afterthought based on experience with other religious colonies; freedom of all religion in the colony does not mean the Anglican Church can be excluded from it.

Not Only to Own, but to Govern tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-03:%2Fnot_only_to_own.html 2010-02-03T16:58:06-05:00 2010-02-03T16:59:30-05:00

King Charles II apparently recognized that Pennsylvania was ungovernable from London, three thousand miles away, and gave William Penn powers that essentially made him a vassal king.

Navigation and Mineral Rights tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-03:%2Fnavigation_rights.html 2010-02-03T16:04:23-05:00 2010-02-03T16:06:46-05:00

Since the Delaware Bay and River were shared by colonies, it was essential that the rights to navigate be defined. Later on, the issues became bridges and tolls, fishing and channel deepening.

Preamble to the Charter of Pennsylvania tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-02-03:%2Fpreamble_to_the_charter.html 2010-02-03T13:56:28-05:00 2010-02-03T14:22:51-05:00

Ancient legal documents, especially royal ones, began with some quaint flourishes.

Philosophy Means Science in Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-11-07:%2Fphilosophy_means_science_in.html 2008-11-07T19:43:03-05:00 2010-02-03T11:10:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/MadameHelvetius.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />At least until he met Madame Helvetius, Benjamin Franklin displayed little interest in moral philosophy. His interest was in science, which was called natural philosophy in the Eighteenth Century. The American Philosophical Society is America's oldest and most prestigious society of scientific scholars. If investing is a science, the APS is good at that, too.

39.9486 -75.1494 The American Philosphical Society 39.9486 -75.1494 39.9486 -75.1494 Poor Richard Plays Hardball With Finesse tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fpoor_richard_plays.html 1997-12-11T16:58:17-05:00 2010-01-30T02:23:59-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/lordalexanderwedderburn.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />While aristocratic England gave him a public drubbing, Franklin stood silently before them and thought it all over. At that moment, the American decision was made to declare independence.

Measures of Philadelphia tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzmeasures_of_philadelphia.html 2006-06-23T15:49:17-04:00 2010-01-29T19:47:55-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/philadelphia_skyline.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Statistics.

39.9526 -75.1635 City Hall 39.9526 -75.1635 39.9526 -75.1635 Military School tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-20:%2Fmilitary_school.html 2006-06-20T11:55:02-04:00 2010-01-28T21:40:01-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/VFMSCrest.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Valley Forge Military Academy takes rambunctious boys and makes them into leaders. Even some of the misfits and dropouts seem to benefit from the difficult experience.

40.0537 -75.382 Valley Forge Military Academy 40.0537 -75.382 40.0537 -75.382 Patent Pending tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzpatent_pending.html 2006-06-26T14:28:09-04:00 2010-01-28T16:07:18-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/constitution1-759321.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="constitution" />The provision for patents is part of the Constitution, and seems a little out of place. The motion was made by James Madison and seconded by Thomas Pinckney. But some of us think it sounds more like the work of Ben Franklin.

39.949 -75.1504 The Congress Hall of Philadelphia 39.949 -75.1504 39.949 -75.1504 A WILLIAM PENN CHRONOLOGY, 1680-1684 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-01-27:%2Fa_william_penn_chronology.html 2010-01-27T16:52:11-05:00 2010-01-27T17:44:46-05:00

...

The News of Ideas tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-07-01:%2Fthe_news_of_ideas.html 2009-07-01T19:28:17-04:00 2010-01-26T16:33:52-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/oped.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The op-ed page took its present form in 1970 at the New York Times, after a long struggle between the news department and the editorial editors.

40.7538 -73.9764 The New York Times 40.7538 -73.9764 40.7538 -73.9764 A Pennsylvania Farmer in Delaware tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-05-19:%2Fa_pennsylvania_farmer_in.html 2007-05-19T20:55:25-04:00 2010-01-23T14:06:35-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/jdickinson.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/jdickinson.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />John Dickinson achieved national fame by writing twelve letters denouncing the Townshend Acts and published anonymously as "Letters From a Pennsylvania Farmer". His farm, curiously, was in Delaware.

39.9489 -75.15 Independence National Historical Park 39.9489 -75.15 39.9489 -75.15 Tenth Amendment tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-06-18:%2Fthe_tenth_amendment.html 2009-06-18T16:34:25-04:00 2010-01-23T14:05:41-05:00

Short and sweet, the Tenth Amendment makes it explicit that the several American states gave nothing to the Federal government unless the Constitution spelled it out.

Democracy Turns Out To Be a Two-Party System tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Fdemocracy_turns_out_to.html 2006-06-22T12:20:48-04:00 2010-01-22T13:56:28-05:00

One is too few, four is too many. Third parties may be occasionally useful.

Curtis: The Business Plan tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-21:%2Fcurtis_the_business_plan.html 2006-06-21T14:25:03-04:00 2010-01-22T13:20:23-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/gutenbergpress.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="printing press" />Magazines are sold for less than they cost to print, just as grand opera costs more to produce than the ticket price. Therefore, both survival and failure can have misleading causes.

39.9498 -75.1465 Franklin Court Museum 39.9498 -75.1465 39.9498 -75.1465 Franklin Crown Soap tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Ffranklin_crown.html 1992-09-17T16:58:17-04:00 2010-01-20T19:15:40-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/B.Franklin.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="franklin" />The Boston Franklin's were supported by discovering that adding salt to soft soap would harden it into soap bars. Eventually, the secret was leaked and soap bars became commonplace.

42.3576 -71.0544 Franklin Soap and Home 42.3576 -71.0544 42.3576 -71.0544 Recording for the Blind and Dyslexic tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-02-27:%2Frecording_for_the_blind.html 2007-02-27T14:41:18-05:00 2010-01-19T20:44:30-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/annemcdonald.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Anne Mc Donald" /> Out in King of Prussia, almost 300 volunteers make tape recordings of textbooks for people who can't read.

40.7533 -73.9823 The New York Public Library 40.7533 -73.9823 40.7533 -73.9823 Fairmount Park Historic Preservation Trust tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzfairmount_park_historic_preservation.html 2006-06-26T13:58:58-04:00 2010-01-19T20:43:04-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/FPD_map-725488.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="FPD map" />First you must learn how colonial buildings were made, then you have to learn how to do it yourself. And after that, this imaginative preservation society has branched out to helping other regions restore colonial buildings.

40.0214 -75.2022 Fairmount Park 40.0214 -75.2022 40.0214 -75.2022 The Quaker Who Would Be King tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzthe_quaker_who_would.html 2006-06-23T16:05:47-04:00 2010-01-19T20:42:10-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/man_who_would_be_king-764413.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="King" /> Two Americans, Josiah Harlan and George Bush, conquered Afghanistan, and for centuries others who tried it got massacred. Harlan, a Chester County Quaker farm boy with more brazenness than Alexander the Great, died in San Francisco while impersonating a physician.

Philadelphia: Charles Dickens Gives an 1842 Viewpoint tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fphiladelphia_dickens_view.html 1999-12-30T16:58:17-05:00 2010-01-19T20:38:19-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/charlesdickens.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/charlesdickens.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Dickens liked Philadelphia a lot, but he was still a little patronizing.

Philadelphia in 1800 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-08-20:%2Fphiladelphia_in_1800.html 2009-08-20T13:09:14-04:00 2010-01-19T20:35:53-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/philadelphia_in_1800.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" class="tn-l-w50" />In 1800, the nation's capital moved to the District of Columbia, just as Washington, Jefferson, and Madison had hoped.

39.949 -75.1502 Independence Hall 39.949 -75.1502 39.949 -75.1502 Wyoming, Fair Wyoming Valley tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-07-16:%2Fwyoming_fair_wyoming_valley.html 2006-07-16T18:08:35-04:00 2010-01-19T20:31:54-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/williampenn2.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Even the present residents of Wilkes-Barre PA would have to giggle at descriptions of the Wyoming Valley written by poets during the Romantic Era. This is where the noble savage originally came from.

Tom Paine: Rabble-Rousing Quaker? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Ftom_paine_rabble.html 1990-05-10T16:58:17-04:00 2010-01-19T15:44:00-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/thomas_paine1.jpg" alt="" class="tn-l-w50" />Tom Paine is the one who mainly set the fires of revolution burning, and Franklin sent him here, got him a job, circulated his pamphlets. In spite of Franklin's sponsorship, Washington would cross the street to avoid Paine, and fellow Quakers would have no part of his violence. His later life showed him to be a rebel without a cause.

The Economic Power of Laws tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fthe_economic_power_law.html 2004-12-09T16:58:17-05:00 2010-01-19T14:54:37-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/DOLLARSIGN.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="" />The power to tax is the power to destroy, and so is the power to regulate. But anarchy can also destroy.

39.9002 -75.0326 Haddonfield Quaker Meeting House 39.9002 -75.0326 39.9002 -75.0326 Shad tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzshad_.html 2006-06-26T13:54:57-04:00 2010-01-18T18:29:14-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/amer_shad.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="{}" />The rivers once teemed with these big fish every springtime. They are making a hesitant comeback.

40.3664 -74.9477 Lewis Island, NJ 40.3664 -74.9477 40.3664 -74.9477 Look Out For That Ship! tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-20:%2Flook_out_for_that.html 2006-06-20T20:09:08-04:00 2010-01-18T18:22:08-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/D-delair4-njt-5-31-01.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Tales of the Sea abound, even a hundred miles from the ocean.

39.9826 -75.0692 Delair Railroad Drawbridge 39.9826 -75.0692 39.9826 -75.0692 Murky Crisis tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-03-01:%2Fmurky_crisis.html 2008-03-01T22:49:48-05:00 2010-01-18T18:19:44-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/crunch.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Six months after the credit crisis began, it's still not clear how bad it is.

Canaris and Lahousen tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-11-27:%2Fcanaris_and_lahousen.html 2009-11-27T17:48:40-05:00 2010-01-18T17:50:16-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/NAZI.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Comparatively few people are aware that the top command layers of the German Intelligence Service (Abwehr) were outraged by Hitler's behavior, and worked actively to undermine the Nazi effort.

The Barnes Foundation: Comments on the Economics of Art (2) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fbarnes_foundation_comments.html 2004-11-02T16:58:17-05:00 2010-01-17T10:54:10-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/gutenberg.gif" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/gutenberg.gif}" class="tn-l-w50" />Well chosen fine art will appreciate in value over time. If a museum's endowment doesn't grow at the same rate to maintain it, eventually some of the art will have to be sold.

39.998 -75.2405 Barnes Museum, Merion 39.998 -75.2405 39.998 -75.2405 South Amboy Explodes tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-02:%2Fsouth_amboy_explodes.html 2008-07-02T17:51:38-04:00 2010-01-17T08:11:01-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/night_explosion_late_1.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />On May 18, 1950 South Amboy, New Jersey blew up, breaking windows of five counties in its neighborhood.

William Penn and the Corporate Model tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-01-15:%2Fwilliam_penn_and_the.html 2010-01-15T17:42:59-05:00 2010-01-15T17:52:07-05:00

Among his many accomplishments, William Penn created the oldest surviving stockholder corporation in America, now well over three hundred years old.

Harry C. Bishop 1921-2009 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-12-13:%2Fharry_c_bishop_19212009.html 2009-12-13T18:26:12-05:00 2010-01-14T14:32:18-05:00

The Right Angle Club of Philadelphia mourns the loss of a valued member.

Shrine of Historical Restoration tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzhistorical_restoration.html 2006-06-26T15:22:19-04:00 2010-01-14T07:09:39-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/mitchell-732458.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Mitchell" />Charles Peterson sparked the restoration of Society Hill. In the course of fixing old houses the preservationist found a lot of things for a museum of professionally documented old house parts which now set standards for authentic colonial restoration everywhere in the country.

39.9447 -75.1476 Charles Peterson House 39.9447 -75.1476 39.9447 -75.1476 After the Convention:Hamilton and Madison tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-09-01:%2Fhamilton_and_madison.html 2006-09-01T19:30:18-04:00 2010-01-12T17:09:37-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/signers-declaration-independence-754606.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" />Two of the main authors of the Federalist Papers -- and hence of the Constitution -- ultimately proved to be acting on entirely different sets of principles, aiming for widely different goals.

39.9488 -75.1499 Independence Hall 39.9488 -75.1499 39.9488 -75.1499 Rentier Class tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Frentier_class.html 2006-06-22T11:54:34-04:00 2010-01-12T16:56:09-05:00

Eventually, everyone can hope to be a member of the rentier class. Ideally, they will have first spent equal time as workers.

PHP script to display Google PageRank tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-06-06:%2Fphp_script_to_display.html 2008-06-06T17:31:33-04:00 2010-01-11T22:03:07-05:00

It is very handy to know the Google PageRank of your pages. Here's a PHP script that figures it out for you.

The Proprietor, Himself tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2010-01-08:%2Fthe_proprietor_himself.html 2010-01-08T20:34:44-05:00 2010-01-11T20:06:31-05:00

William Penn was the central force in the establishment of a religion, Quakerism, certain central features of the legal system, three colonies of America, and many of the central concepts of Constitutional Law. He leaves us over three thousand documents, but it remains very hard to form a picture of what he was like.

Two Pacifists: Einstein and Eddington tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-11-11:%2Ftwo_pacifists_einstein_and.html 2007-11-11T18:25:31-05:00 2010-01-08T15:58:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/einsteineddington.jpg" cLASS="200" alt="" />The English Quaker Sir Arthur Eddington was granted draft exemption during World War I, on condition that he conduct a test of the Theory of Relativity produced by the German conscientious objector, Albert Einstein. Einstein won.

40.3486 -74.6583 Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 40.3486 -74.6583 40.3486 -74.6583 Doing Well, Doing Good. tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-09-28:%2Fdoing_well_doing_good.html 2007-09-28T16:07:52-04:00 2010-01-08T15:57:11-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/RotarySeal.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />A board member of Rotary International recently ran an Afghanistan relief program, and wrote a novel about the Battle of Brandywine. He's a Quaker, lives on a farm, and is chairman of the boards of several organizations.

42.0458 -87.6824 Rotary International World Headquarters 42.0458 -87.6824 42.0458 -87.6824 Quaker Efficiency Expert: Frederick Winslow Taylor 1856-1915 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-09-10:%2Fquaker_efficiency_expert_frederick.html 2007-09-10T18:52:21-04:00 2010-01-08T15:55:52-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/FWTaylor.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />A rich Germantown Quaker boy became the world's symbol of the efficiency expert with a stop-watch, hated by Labor Unions but admired by Lenin and Stalin. He enriched the Midvale Steel Company with his invention of high speed steel, but was fired by Bethlehem Steel for eliminating too many employees. Peter Drucker placed him in the class of innovators beside Darwin and Freud.

40.0435 -75.182 Germantown Avenue PA 40.0435 -75.182 40.0435 -75.182 Native Habitat tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-03-23:%2Fnative_habitat.html 2007-03-23T17:31:32-04:00 2010-01-08T15:54:50-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/pinchotg.jpg" ALT="" class="tn-l-w50" />Increased foreign trade, especially to Asia, has brought us some new plant types. Lacking natural enemies, they are taking over.

39.8717 -75.5917 Habitat Resource Network of Southeast 39.8717 -75.5917 39.8717 -75.5917 An iPhone web app tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-05-06:%2Fan_iphone_web_app.html 2009-05-06T16:37:34-04:00 2010-01-08T15:43:40-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/libertybell.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Philadelphia Reflections is now available on the iPhone as a web app

Mesoamerican Ball Game tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-11-21:%2Fmesoamerican_ball_game.html 2008-11-21T16:44:53-05:00 2010-01-08T15:42:19-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/mexicanballcourt.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The team ball game was apparently invented by Olmecs about 3000 years ago. Soccer, football and maybe baseball are variants.

The Phillies: A History of Disappointment? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-08-07:%2Fprofessional_sports.html 2008-08-07T10:55:59-04:00 2010-01-08T15:41:14-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Phillies-Logo.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Despite Hall-of-Famers, 2 World Series and Six national Pennants, the Phillies remains the team with the most losses of any team in Major League Sport.

39.9057 -75.1665 Citizens Bank Park 39.9057 -75.1665 39.9057 -75.1665 Lawn Tennis at the Cricket Club tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-16:%2Flawn_tennis_at_the.html 2008-07-16T16:06:30-04:00 2010-01-08T15:36:10-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/lawntennis.jpg" class="left-w50" alt="Lawn Tennis" />Lawn tennis is slightly older than tennis on clay courts, but it's harder to maintain grass than other surfaces, so it's less common.

40.0161 -75.2983 The Merion Cricket Club 40.0161 -75.2983 40.0161 -75.2983 Fellow Travelers tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-11-19:%2Ffellow_travellers.html 2007-11-19T11:17:44-05:00 2010-01-08T15:34:56-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/abruno.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="" />Philadelphia high society and the Philadelphia underworld share some common beliefs.

39.9232 -75.1617 Angelo Bruno Home 39.9232 -75.1617 39.9232 -75.1617 Forty Days Before the Mast tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-10-26:%2Fforty_days_before_the.html 2007-10-26T16:59:26-04:00 2010-01-08T15:33:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/moshu.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Before steamships, most of our ancestors spent a month at sea in a sailing ship and never would consider going back home if it meant another such trip. Here's a taste of what it was like.

39.9423 -75.141 Moshulu Restaurant 39.9423 -75.141 39.9423 -75.141 Banking tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-04-17:%2Fbanking_.html 2009-04-17T16:57:24-04:00 2010-01-08T15:32:40-05:00

.

The Victor Talking Machine Company tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzthe_victor_talking_machine.html 2006-06-23T15:42:50-04:00 2010-01-08T15:29:22-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/nipper2.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Caruso sang for this record company over in Camden, and its other recordings made the fortunes of the Philadelphia Orchestra. The bitter survivors of RCA Victor believe the Sarnoff family wrecked the company .

Victor Rambo, Indian Eye Surgeon tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fvictor_rambo.html 2001-08-02T16:58:17-04:00 2010-01-08T15:26:58-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Victor%20Clough%20Rambo%20MD.jpg" alt=" />A twelfth-generation Philadelphian devoted his life to restoring eyesight to thousands of poor people in India.

Yet Another Toast to Dr. J. William White tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-02-13:%2Fyet_another_toast_to.html 2007-02-13T18:03:55-05:00 2010-01-08T15:25:24-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Dr.White.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Dr.White.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" /> great many toasts to J. William White have been given since his death in 1916. This one was proposed by Philadelphia's lawyer-novelist Arthur R. G. Solmssen.

New Phillies Stadium tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fznew_phillies_stadium.html 2006-06-23T17:03:04-04:00 2010-01-08T15:19:11-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/131317.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/131317.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Philadelphia builds professional sports stadia, like crazy.

39.9062 -75.1652 Citizens Bank Park 39.9062 -75.1652 39.9062 -75.1652 Valentine Tours, Right Here in River City tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-06-21:%2Fvalentine_tours_right_here.html 2007-06-21T19:00:24-04:00 2010-01-08T15:15:27-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Philazoopening.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="Zoo Opening" />The First Zoo in America specializes in breeding animals that are hard to breed in captivity. The Women's Committee decided to bring this delicate topic out into the light.

39.9746 -75.1956 The Phialdelphia Zoo 39.9746 -75.1956 39.9746 -75.1956 Show Biz Image: Hepburn, Rogers, Kelly tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fshow_biz.html 1991-11-07T16:58:17-05:00 2010-01-08T15:08:11-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/ginger_rogers_200.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="http://www.geocities.com/ginger_rogers_picture_gallery/ginger_rogers_200.jpg" />Hollywood presented a distorted image of our upper class, but presented it so forcefully that Philadelphia is now somewhat like that.

Swashbuckler tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Fthe_swashbuckler.html 2000-10-05T16:58:17-04:00 2010-01-08T15:04:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/hughes.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/hughes.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Your author is probably the only person still alive who personally attended the Senate investigation of Howard Hughes. There is probably a lot to this story yet to emerge.

39.8483 -75.3471 Sun Shipyard 39.8483 -75.3471 39.8483 -75.3471 Philadelphia Drink tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzphiladelphia_drink.html 2006-06-26T14:44:28-04:00 2010-01-08T14:58:35-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/delbay.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="delbay" />Philadelphia water has always been questionable, so there is resort to substitutes, at least for drinking purposes.<br /> x

39.95 -75.1645 Union League of Philadelphia 39.95 -75.1645 39.95 -75.1645 Edgar Allan Poe, 1809-1849 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-03-05:%2Fedgar_allan_poe_18091849.html 2009-03-05T19:22:26-05:00 2010-01-08T14:57:12-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/edgarallanpoe.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Edger Allan Poe" />Edgar Allan Poe may not have the highest literary esteem of any American, but he is provably our most famous poet. At the 200th anniversary of his birth, his disordered life symbolizes an era.

39.9617 -75.1498 Edgar Allan Poe National Historical Site 39.9617 -75.1498 39.9617 -75.1498 Wagner Free Institute of Science tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-03-04:%2Fwagner_free_institute.html 2009-03-04T16:45:26-05:00 2010-01-08T14:55:43-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/wagnersign.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" /> The Wagner science museum may not be the oldest museum in Philadelphia, but it is certainly the only one that is exactly the same as it was in the Nineteenth Century. It's a museum museum.

39.9806 -75.1621 Wagner Free Institute of Science 39.9806 -75.1621 39.9806 -75.1621 Larger Clubs tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-03-14:%2Flarger_clubs.html 1994-08-18T16:58:17-04:00 2010-01-08T14:53:54-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Raquetclub.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />No longer exclusively all-male (or, occasionally, all-female), the downtown club is changing its role but remains a social center of considerable importance.

39.95 -75.1645 Union League of Phialdelphia 39.95 -75.1645 39.95 -75.1645 Friends of Boyd tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-03-16:%2Ffriends_of_boyd.html 2007-03-16T17:35:27-04:00 2010-01-08T14:51:44-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Boyd%20Theatre.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Boyd Theatre" />The last movie palace in Philadelphia is either ready for restoration, or the wrecking ball.

39.9518 -75.1724 Boyd Theater (closed) 39.9518 -75.1724 39.9518 -75.1724 Water Works, Emblem of the Past tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-09-11:%2Fwater_works_emblem_of.html 2009-09-11T22:02:44-04:00 2010-01-08T14:17:32-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/waterworks1839.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Water pollution doesn't cause Yellow Fever, but in 1799 Philadelphians thought it might, and united to make a work of art out of a new water utility. Eventually, it did eliminate Typhoid deaths.

39.9669 -75.1839 Fairmount Water Works 39.9669 -75.1839 39.9669 -75.1839 The University City tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-10-06:%2Fthe_university_city.html 2009-10-06T19:37:39-04:00 2010-01-08T14:16:43-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Upenn.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Ben Franklin would scarcely recognize the college he created. Since it isn't named for him, he probably wouldn't care how much it is changing.

39.9532 -75.1938 University of Pennsylvania 39.9532 -75.1938 39.9532 -75.1938 Frank Furness, Rush's Lancer tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-09-11:%2Ffrank_furness_rushs_lancer.html 2008-09-11T18:54:38-04:00 2010-01-08T12:50:09-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/armymoh.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />One of Philadelphia's most famous architects had two notable exploits as a Civil War cavalry officer, one of which won him the Congressional Medal of Honor.

39.9489 -75.1612 The Franklin Inn Club Of Philadelphia 39.9489 -75.1612 39.9489 -75.1612 Trapped in a Casino tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-05-21:%2Ftrapped_in_a_casino.html 2008-05-21T18:26:58-04:00 2010-01-08T12:47:58-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/casinosur.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />There's lots to be wary of, in a casino. If you are planning to cheat, here's something you surely ought to know.

39.3578 -74.4394 Atlantic City Convention and Visitors Authority609-348-7100 or 888-AC-VISIT (228-4748) 39.3578 -74.4394 39.3578 -74.4394 Quaker Gray Turns Quaker Green tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-04-22:%2Fquaker_gray_turns_quaker.html 2007-04-22T17:16:48-04:00 2010-01-08T12:43:19-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/mott.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Quakers mean to turn their headquarters near Philadelphia City Hall into a glowing example of how to save money while they save their environment.

39.9559 -75.1651 AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE 39.9559 -75.1651 39.9559 -75.1651 Stephen Girard, Compulsive Gambler tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-10-31:%2Fstephan_girard_compulsive_gambler.html 2007-10-31T19:18:54-04:00 2010-01-08T11:33:13-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Stephen%20Girard.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="" />The richest men in early America had an astonishing characteristic in common. Once they got to the top, they often gambled their whole fortunes on a venture which either busted them or made them incredibly richer.

39.948 -75.1464 First Bank of United States Philadelphia PA 39.948 -75.1464 39.948 -75.1464 The Cause of the Subprime Crisis tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-04-30:%2Fthe_cause_of_the.html 2008-04-30T18:20:15-04:00 2010-01-08T11:32:52-05:00

Things you suspected but kept to yourself

Proposal: A Second Federal Reserve tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-05-05:%2Fproposal_a_second_federal.html 2008-05-05T19:21:05-04:00 2010-01-08T11:32:01-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Henry%20Kaufman.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Henry Kaufman recently made a number of wise observations about the monetary situation, followed by a radical proposal that might be rather hard to implement.

39.9547 -75.1961 The Global Interdependence Center (GIC)Phone: 215-898-9453 39.9547 -75.1961 39.9547 -75.1961 Linking Oil Prices to the Credit Crisis tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-05-04:%2Flinking_oil_prices_to.html 2008-05-04T22:32:23-04:00 2010-01-08T11:29:52-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Gas_Prices.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />For a while it seemed we had two unrelated crises at the same time, a housing crisis, and soaring oil prices. The two may be the same thing.

39.9547 -75.1961 The Global Interdependence Center (GIC)Phone: 215-898-9453 39.9547 -75.1961 39.9547 -75.1961 Bonds are Up: Is That a Good Thing? tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-12-21:%2Fbonds_are_up_is.html 2007-12-21T17:16:44-05:00 2010-01-08T11:29:06-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Federalbank.jpg" alt="" class="tn-l-w50" />No matter how many times the newspapers explain it, many readers remain confused between the price of a bond and the rate of its interest payment. The two go in opposite directions.

39.9505 -75.1489 Federal Reserve Bank 39.9505 -75.1489 39.9505 -75.1489 Albert Gallatin: Enigma Furioso tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-11-02:%2Falbert_gallatin_enigma_furioso.html 2007-11-02T17:23:13-04:00 2010-01-08T11:28:28-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/gallatin_oval.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/gallatin_oval.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />A man in constant motion for 88 years, Albert Gallatin almost defies description. America's longest-serving Secretary of the Treasury also founded New York University. Having led the charge in denouncing Hamilton's bank, his greatest achievement was to persuade Jefferson not to close it down.

46.2038 6.13996 Birthplace of Albert Gallatin (1761-1849) 46.2038 6.13996 46.2038 6.13996 BEA Monitors the Economy tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-11-02:%2Fbea_monitors_the_economy.html 2006-11-02T21:28:54-05:00 2010-01-08T11:22:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/GIC2.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/GIC2.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Thebusiness world is cyclic, and dispairs deeply when the trend is down. The Bureau of Economic Analysis seems to be very good at predicting turn arounds.

39.9547 -75.1961 The Global Interdependence Center 39.9547 -75.1961 39.9547 -75.1961 Constitutionality of the Monetary System tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-12-31:%2Fconstitutionality_of_the_monetary.html 2008-12-31T20:34:40-05:00 2010-01-08T11:22:10-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/constitution1.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The Constitution fails us when no one is certain what to do about an important issue.

39.95 -75.1502 Independence Hall 39.95 -75.1502 39.95 -75.1502 Federal Reserve Rolls the Dice tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-07-03:%2Ffederal_reserve_rolls_the.html 2009-07-03T19:01:10-04:00 2010-01-08T11:19:08-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/lehmnbros.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="" />When Lehman Brothers collapsed, the markets froze. The Federal Reserve responded by doubling the money supply. A few months later, the money was gradually spent buying the toxic assets. It may take ten years to sell that toxic paper, and whether we then have inflation or depression will depend on the price they bring. The Chinese are financing this ten-year gamble with two-year loans.

39.9532 -75.1507 Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia 39.9532 -75.1507 39.9532 -75.1507 Milton Friedman on Capitalism tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2009-06-21:%2Fmilton_friedman_on_capitalism.html 2009-06-21T20:22:40-04:00 2010-01-08T11:18:11-05:00

Milton Friedman responds to Phil Donahue's question about the plight of the millions of disadvantaged people in the world.

World Finance, Columbus Day 2008 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-10-13:%2Fworld_finance_columbus_day.html 2008-10-13T17:59:15-04:00 2010-01-08T11:16:21-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/dow-jones.JPG" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Europe's leaders met in Paris, while finance ministers met in Washington over the three-day weekend in October, 2008. Should nations chance total collapse to save the whole system, or sacrifice the weak to save the strong? Unfortunately, the source of the answer may not be financial but political.

40.7077 -74.0083 Dow Jones 40.7077 -74.0083 40.7077 -74.0083 Securitization: Pass the Hot Potato tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-22:%2Fsecuritization_pass_the_hot.html 2008-07-22T20:54:16-04:00 2010-01-08T11:15:21-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/hotpotato.jpg" alt="" class="tn-l-w50" />Securitization of home mortgages is a generally good thing, but it has one major flaw. Unless we somehow fix it, it will fix us.

38.9403 -77.0766 Fannie Mae Corporate Headquarters 38.9403 -77.0766 38.9403 -77.0766 After a Year of Crisis, Fannie and Freddy Finally Get the Spotlight tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-07-21:%2Fafter_a_year_of.html 2008-07-21T13:24:45-04:00 2010-01-08T11:13:59-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/fanniemae.jpg" alt="fannie mae" class="tn-l-w50" />Fannie Fannie Mae and Wall Street's chancy new CDOs are much the same thing, only with different sponsors and a few modified features. Important issues are: which model is better, whether continued competition between the two is useful, or whether both should be abolished.

38.9404 -77.0767 Fannie Mae Corporate Headquarters 38.9404 -77.0767 38.9404 -77.0767 Mortgages From the Bank's Viewpoint tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-05-05:%2Fmortgages_from_the_banks.html 2008-05-05T00:13:50-04:00 2010-01-08T11:12:42-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/FederalReservePA.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="{The Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia}" />When a bank issues a mortgage, there are lots of bumps in the road it starts to travel.

39.9547 -75.1961 The Global Interdependence Center (GIC)Phone: 215-898-9453 39.9547 -75.1961 39.9547 -75.1961 Curing Stagflation tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-05-01:%2Fcuring_stagflation.html 2008-05-01T11:26:28-04:00 2010-01-08T11:12:09-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Jbagholt.JPG" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Walter Baghot" />More than a century ago, Walter Bagehot succinctly told us what to do about the dilemma of stagflation. We'll get back to him, after politicians make us try everything else first.

Hayek Confronts Keynes tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-06-28:%2Fhayek_confronts_keynes.html 2007-06-28T18:49:16-04:00 2010-01-08T11:11:06-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/hayek.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Hayek " />The influence of Austrian economist Friedrich von Hayek is slowly winning out over the views of the English economist Maynard Keynes, even though both of them are dead. Which is worse, inflation or depression?

40.7936 -73.4145 John Maynard Keynes House 40.7936 -73.4145 40.7936 -73.4145 Africa Comes to the Schuylkill tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-06-26:%2Fafrica_comes_to_the.html 2007-06-26T18:54:51-04:00 2010-01-08T11:10:20-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Philadelphia%20Refinery.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/passyunkrefinery.jpg" />African oil, refined in Philadelphia, supplies 2/3 of the gasoline on the East Coast.

39.9822 -76.1659 Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania 39.9822 -76.1659 39.9822 -76.1659 No Laborer Left Behind tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-06-03:%2Fno_laborers_left_behind.html 2007-06-03T18:57:26-04:00 2010-01-08T11:08:30-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/ivyleague.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/ivyleague.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Expanding prestige universities to fill American academic demands, unexpectedly provokes inflation obscured by illegal immigration.

42.4451 -76.4828 Cornell University 42.4451 -76.4828 42.4451 -76.4828 Immigration tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-06-08:%2Fimmigration_.html 2007-06-08T19:50:21-04:00 2010-01-08T11:08:02-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/DOLLARSIGN.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="" />The United States government makes several trillion dollars profit on immigration, through a jaw-cracker called seigniorage.

40.7367 -73.9972 U.S. Immigration Support 40.7367 -73.9972 40.7367 -73.9972 Central Bankers Refine the Art of Diplomacy tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-04-16:%2Fcentral_bankers_refine_the.html 2007-04-16T17:02:51-04:00 2010-01-08T11:07:25-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/GIC2.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/GIC2.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Currencies once failed because big issues like the gold standard hadn't been addressed by cabinet ministers. Now they are likely to fail because central bankers can't keep up with technical events.

39.9504 -75.1489 Feeral Reserve Bank of Philadelphia 39.9504 -75.1489 39.9504 -75.1489 Do-It-Yourself Globalization tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzdoityourself_globalization.html 2006-06-23T15:02:59-04:00 2010-01-08T11:06:07-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/chinese-workers.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/chinese-workers.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Cheap mass-produced (and mostly foreign-made) goods make it cheaper to buy a new one than to repair what you already have. The effect on our culture is largely unnoticed, but quite profound.

Paying Bills Electronically tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Fpaying_bills_electronically.html 2006-06-22T11:57:45-04:00 2010-01-08T11:05:15-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/CommodoreMatthewPerry.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/perry.jpg" /> Here are four suggestions for improving electronic bill paying.

Inflating and Deflating Japan. tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Finflating_and_deflating_japan.html 2006-06-22T11:44:21-04:00 2010-01-08T11:03:55-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/hhoover.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/hhoover.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Shifty financial winds rattle any boat, then panic at the helm can capsize it. Just look at Japan.

40.7563 -73.9739 The Waldorf Astoria Hotel 40.7563 -73.9739 40.7563 -73.9739 Setting National Interest Rates tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Fsetting_national_interest_rates.html 2006-06-22T11:24:25-04:00 2010-01-08T11:02:34-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/DOLLARSIGN.jpg" class="tn-l-h50" alt="" />The Federal Reserve system had slowly improved over eighty years of trial and error. Two decades of stability suggested they finally had it about right. But look at August, 2007.

39.9503 -75.1485 The Federal Reserve Bank Of Philadelphia 39.9503 -75.1485 39.9503 -75.1485 Making Money (5) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Fmaking_money_5.html 2006-06-22T12:11:32-04:00 2010-01-08T11:00:27-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/lordkeynes.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/lordkeynes.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />The business cycle has not been repealed. Other countries are likely to drag us into the next world recession, and we had better be thinking ahead.

Making Money (3) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Fmaking_money_3.html 2006-06-22T12:08:55-04:00 2010-01-08T10:59:50-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/daltman.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/daltman.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Under the right circumstances, tax cuts are partially a free ride for us at the expense of foreign countries with fixed currency rates.

Making Money (4) tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-22:%2Fmaking_money_4.html 2006-06-22T12:10:02-04:00 2010-01-08T10:59:21-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/chinaman.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Money is nothing but spending power; lowering prices creates spending power. Is that "good" inflation?

Gallatin, Part 1 tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-12-03:%2Fgallatin_part_1.html 2007-12-03T18:53:46-05:00 2010-01-08T10:57:14-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/gallatin_portrait.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/gallatin_portrait.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />We present here the outline of a five act play in Shakespearian style about the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794.

40.1676 -80.2463 Whiskey Rebellion (1794) 40.1676 -80.2463 40.1676 -80.2463 Burlington County, NJ tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-02-01:%2Fburlington_county_nj.html 2008-02-01T17:41:45-05:00 2010-01-07T18:02:56-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Burlington%20County,%20NJ.JPG" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Burlington County in New Jersey is on the move. This rural county puts the urban ones to shame.

40.0044 -74.8352 Burlington County County Office Building 40.0044 -74.8352 40.0044 -74.8352 Line Dividing East from West Jersey tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2008-08-20:%2Fthe_line_between_east.html 2008-08-20T20:39:05-04:00 2010-01-07T18:01:23-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/diveastandwestnj.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Although England had owned New Jersey for 17 years, it was unsettled until purchased by Quakers. By 1684 ownership was totally in the hands of two Proprietorships, or corporations, of Quakers. The boundary separating East from West Jersey was a line of 150 boulders from Beach Haven to Trenton. Every land title in the state is based on this survey.

Pennsylvania Prison Society tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2007-06-29:%2Fpennsylvania_prison_society.html 2007-06-29T16:55:22-04:00 2010-01-07T17:59:08-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/william-penn.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />When the British monarchy put William Penn in jail, they set in motion a social movement which has changed prison management more than it changed Penn.

39.9684 -75.1726 Eastern State Penitentiary 39.9684 -75.1726 39.9684 -75.1726 Friends Lifecare at Home tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-19:%2Ffriends_lifecare_at_home.html 2006-06-19T21:31:06-04:00 2010-01-07T17:57:44-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/lifecare.jpg" alt="{http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/lifecare.jpg}" class="tn-l-w50" />Philadelphia Quakers run over twenty retirement communities for the elderly in their region. One of them is a virtual village, one without walls.

39.9694 -75.6067 Quaker retirement villages 39.9694 -75.6067 39.9694 -75.6067 The American Friends Service Committee tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2005-04-05:%2Famerican_friends.html 2004-08-24T16:58:17-04:00 2010-01-07T17:56:11-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/rufusjones.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Rufus Jnes" />Bravery in the face of danger, both physical and social, underlies the enormous international prestige of this remarkable Quaker relief organization. Many of its achievements defy all comparison.

39.9559 -75.1651 The American Friends Service Committee 39.9559 -75.1651 39.9559 -75.1651 The No-Doctrine Doctrine tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-21:%2Fthe_no_doctrine_doctrine.html 2006-06-21T14:03:44-04:00 2010-01-07T17:55:02-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Quaker.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />The doctrine of Quakerism is to have no doctrine. It has provoked two main schisms in the church; George Keith making a plea for at least some doctrine, Elias Hicks leading a later movement back to simplicity.

It Ain't Necessarily So tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzit_aint_necessarily_so.html 2006-06-26T13:54:05-04:00 2010-01-07T17:52:59-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/franklinprintpress.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />

39.9003 -75.0326 Friends Meetinghouse Haddonfield NJ 39.9003 -75.0326 39.9003 -75.0326 Keeping Lunaticks Off the Streets tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzkeeping_lunaticks_off_the.html 2006-06-23T16:20:28-04:00 2010-01-07T17:50:17-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/pahospital.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Pennsylvania Hospital" />

39.945 -75.1558 Pennsylvania Hospital 39.945 -75.1558 39.945 -75.1558 Quakers Turn Their Backs on Power tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzquakers_turn_their_backs.html 2006-06-23T15:08:11-04:00 2010-01-07T17:49:20-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/williampenn2.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="William Penn" />During the French and Indian War, the Quakers who ruled Pennsylvania were forced to choose between political power and peaceful principles. They withdrew from power.

The Naming of Pennsylvania tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzthe_naming_of_pennsylvania.html 2006-06-26T13:58:10-04:00 2010-01-07T17:48:33-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/annals%20pa-700075.gif" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Annuals of Pennsylvania" />King Charles gave Penn as much land as the whole of England, and named it after William Penn

Specialized Surgeons tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzspecialized_surgeons.html 2006-06-23T15:27:30-04:00 2010-01-07T17:47:48-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/herzlinger_photo.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Specialty hospitals have actually been given more than a fair try. About a hundred years ago, the landscape was peppered with casualty hospitals, receiving hospitals, stomach hospitals, skin and cancer hospitals, lying-in hospitals, contagious disease hospitals, and a dozen other medical specialty boutiques.

39.9449 -75.1557 Pennsylvania Hospital 39.9449 -75.1557 39.9449 -75.1557 Quaker Investment Committee tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzquaker_investment_committee.html 2006-06-23T17:17:42-04:00 2010-01-07T17:47:10-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/jon%20rhoads.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />Quakers expect results from their investment managers, not just Wall Street gossip.

39.9637 -75.1732 The Philadelphia County Medical Society 39.9637 -75.1732 39.9637 -75.1732 Edward Hicks: Peaceable Kingdoms tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzedward_hicks_peaceable_kingdoms.html 2006-06-23T16:34:13-04:00 2010-01-07T17:46:19-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/edward_hicks-734294.jpeg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Edward Hicks: Peaceable Kingdoms" />This uneducated Bucks County farm boy has steadily risen in reputation as a painter of primative art, just as he and his cousin have become spiritual leaders of non dogmatic religious thought.

40.2262 -74.9364 Quaker Meeting, Newtown PA 40.2262 -74.9364 40.2262 -74.9364 Jury Nullification tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzjury_nullification.html 2006-06-26T14:32:01-04:00 2010-01-07T17:45:26-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/MonteverdeT.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />William Penn demonstrated one of the most incisive legal minds in England by trapping the British courts in what remains a central unresolved dilemma for the law. He happened to be the defendant in the case.

39.9535 -75.1617 Criminal Court 39.9535 -75.1617 39.9535 -75.1617 International Visitors Council tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-26:%2Fzinternational_visitors.html 2006-06-26T14:40:02-04:00 2010-01-07T17:43:58-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/NANCY-GILBOY.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="" />, The International Visitors Council does a great job welcoming visitors from abroad.

39.955 -75.1658 nternational Vistors Council 39.955 -75.1658 39.955 -75.1658 The Minnesota Investment Standard tag:www.philadelphia-reflections.com,2006-06-23:%2Fzthe_minnesota_investment_standard.html 2006-06-23T17:15:56-04:00 2010-01-07T17:30:59-05:00

<img src="http://www.philadelphia-reflections.com/images/Wall%20Street%20with%20Washington%20Statue.jpg" class="tn-l-w50" alt="Wall Street" />If financial experts expect to maintain their present living standards, they must stop producing, and defending, results that can be ridiculed.